苏南地区耕地质量评价与分区保护研究

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201612009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 耕地质量监测与评估研究是我国耕地保护工作的重要支撑。针对苏南地区耕地保护面临的新问题，整合农用地分等定级、多目标地球化学调查和土壤侵蚀等相关研究资料，重构耕地综合质量评估指标体系，综合运用空间分析、加权综合和聚类分析方法，根据耕地基础地力、耕地健康和耕地外部环境的空间分异和组合特征，识别优先保护、地力提升、污染治理和水土保持等耕地类型，分类讨论耕地保护与整治路径。分析表明：苏南地区现状耕地中，优质耕地占比不足65%，近30%的耕地基础地力较差，超过5%的耕地受到水土流失、重金属污染威胁。其中，优质耕地集中于茅山以东的太湖平原和沿江平原地区，茅山以西地区基础地力相对较差，宁镇沿江、太湖东北岸部分地区土壤重金属污染和水土流失风险较高，需要因地制宜开展地力提升、土壤修复、水土保持和农业结构调整等治理措施，以增强地产农产品质量安全。

关键词: 耕地质量评价, 耕地健康, 耕地外部环境, 苏南地区

Abstract: Cultivated land quality assessment and monitoring is one of the most important tasks in China. Cultivated land quality in Southern Jiangsu province has attracted much academics due to new problems such as heavy metal pollution. In our paper, the comprehensive quality evaluation and zoning method of cultivated land by integrating agricultural land classification, land quality geochemical assessments and soil loss prediction based on remote sensing was explored. Here, we restructured cultivated land quality assessment indicators firstly, then integrated with spatial analysis, clustering analysis and the matching analysis of farmland fertility conditions, farmland healthy level and surrounding factors, cultivated land categories of natural quality enhancing, soil pollution remediation, soil and water conservation and superior protection were established. Later, the reclamation paths according to cultivated land quality classification were discussed.#br#The empirical study in Southern Jiangsu showed that less than 65% in the cultivated land was healthy and fertilized, nearly 30% in the cultivated land is covered by poor soil, and over 5% in the cultivated land is threatened by the heavy metal pollution and soil erosion. Concretely, healthy and fertile farmland is mainly distributed in Taihu lake plains and flatlands along the Yangzte River which is in the eastern part of Mao Mountain. The cultivated land in the western part of Mao Mountain is relatively poor, and the heavy metal pollution and soil erosion indexes of farmlands in western part of areas long the Yangzte River and eastern part of Tahu lake is relatively high compared to soil environmental standard. So, it can be argued that agricultural production in southern Jiangsu is likely to meet with environmental risks which are related to cultivated land quality in some senses, and it may be a huge challenge to people's healthy in this area. We points out that farmlands reclamation strategy should be carried out rapidly in order to improve the cultivated land. Our approach improves current cultivated land assessment methods and results can be used for farmlands quality monitoring and management.

Key words: cultivated land quality assessment, cultivated land heathy level, cultivated land surronding conditions, Southern part in Jiangsu Province

中图分类号:

p967

陈诚, 林晨. 苏南地区耕地质量评价与分区保护研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(12): 1860-1869.

CHEN Cheng, LIN Chen. CULTIVATED LAND QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND PROTECTION ZONING IN SOUTHERN JIANGSU[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2016, 25(12): 1860-1869.

参考文献

[1] 高向军, 马仁会. 中国农用土地等级评价研究进展[J]. 农业工程学报, 2002, 18(1):165-168.[GAO X J, MA R H. Research advances of gradation and evaluation of agricultural land in China[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2002, 18(1):165-168.]
[2] DUMANSKI J, PIERI C. Land quality indicators:research plan[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2000, 81(2):93-102.
[3] 刘瑞平, 王洪波, 全芳悦. 自然因素与社会经济因素对耕地质量贡献率研究[J]. 土壤通报, 2005, 36(3):289-294.[LIU R P, WANG H B, QUAN F Y. The contributing ratio of natural and Social-economic factors to the quality of cultivated land[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2005, 36(3):289-294.]
[4] 张凤荣, 郧文聚, 胡存志. 《农用地分等规程》的几个理论问题及应用方向[J]. 资源科学, 2005, 27(2):33-38.[ZHANG F R, YUN W J, HU C Z. The theory and application of the regulations of farmland grading[J]. Resources Science, 2005, 27(2):33-38.]
[5] 石淑芹, 陈佑启, 姚艳敏, 等. 东北地区耕地自然质量和利用质量评价[J]. 资源科学, 2008, 30(3):378-384.[SHI S Q, CHEN Y Q, YAO Y M, et al. Assessing natural quality and use quality of cultivated land in northeast China[J]. Resources Science, 2008, 30(3):378-384.]
[6] 唐秀美, 陈百明, 路庆斌, 等. 栅格数据支持下的耕地适宜性评价研究——以山东省章丘市为例[J]. 资源科学, 2009, 31(12):2164-2171.[TANG X M, CHEN B M, LU Q B, et al. Cultivated land suitability evaluation based on raster data:a case study on Zhangqiu city of Shandong province[J]. Resources Science, 2009, 31(12):2164-2171.]
[7] 路婕, 李玲, 吴克宁, 等. 基于农用地分等和土壤环境质量评价的耕地综合质量评价[J]. 农业工程学报, 2011, 27(2):323-329.[LU J, LI L, WU K N, et al. Cultivated land comprehensive quality evaluation based on agricultural land classification and soil environmental quality evaluation[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2011, 27(2):323-329.]
[8] 刘霈珈, 吴克宁, 赵华甫. 基于农用地分等与土地质量地球化学评估的耕地质量监测类型研究[J]. 资源科学, 2015, 37(1):37-44.[LIU P J, WU K N, ZHAO H F. Cultivated land quality monitoring types base on agricultural land classification and land quality geochemical assessment[J]. Resources Science, 2015, 37(1):37-44.]
[9] 李强, 彭文英, 王建强, 等. 乡镇企业发达区耕地健康评价与驱动机理研究[J]. 自然资源学报, 2015, 30(9):1499-1510.[LI Q, PENG W Y, WANG J Q, et al. Health assessment and driving mechanism analysis of cultivated land in the township enterprises developed region[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2015, 30(9):1499-1510.]
[10] 金涛, 陆建飞. 江苏省耕地变化与粮食生产地域分化[J]. 农业现代化研究, 2011, 32(4):405-408.[JIN T, LU J F. Cultivated land changes and regional disparity of grain production in Jiangsu Province[J]. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 2011, 32(4):405-408.]
[11] 李裕瑞, 刘彦随, 龙花楼. 江苏省粮食生产时空变化的影响机制[J]. 地理科学进展, 2009, 28(1):125-131.[LI Y R, LIU Y S, LONG H L. Influencing mechanism of spatio-temporal variation of grain production in Jiangsu Province[J]. Progress in Geography, 2009, 28(1):125-131.]
[12] 陈伟, 吴群. 考虑耕地质量差异影响的江苏省耕地集约利用评价[J]. 农业工程学报, 2013, 29(15):244-253.[CHEN W, WU Q. Evaluation of cultivated land intensive use considering land quality differences[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2013, 29(15):244-253.]
[13] 安琼, 董元华, 王辉, 等. 苏南农田土壤有机氯农药残留规律[J]. 土壤学报, 2004, 41(3):414-419.[AN Q, DONG Y H, WANG H, et al. Organochlorine pesticide residues in cultivated soils, in the south of Jiangsu, China[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2004, 41(3):414-419.]
[14] 佴军, 张洪程, 陆建飞. 江苏省水稻生产30年地域格局变化及影响因素分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(16):3446-3452.[NAI J, ZHANG H C, LU J F. Regional pattern changes of rice production in thirty years and its influencing factors in Jiangsu Province[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(16):3446-3452.]
[15] 李小曼, 刘勤, 徐梦洁, 等. 苏南村镇土壤重金属空间变异性研究[J]. 土壤通报, 2016, 47(1):179-185.[LI X M, LIU Q, XU M J, et al. Spatial variability of heavy metal contents in towns of southern Jiangsu province[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2016, 47(1):179-185.]
[16] 谢飞, 吴俊锋, 任晓鸣. 江苏省典型工业开发区土壤重金属污染及其潜在生态风险评价[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2016, 16(2):387-391.[XIE F, WU J F, REN X M. Sources and ecological risks of heavy metals in the soils of the typical industry-based development zones in Jiangsu[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2016, 16(2):387-391.]
[17] 张利飞, 杨文龙, 董亮, 等. 苏南地区农田表层土壤中多环芳烃和酞酸酯的污染特征及来源[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2011, 30(11):2202-2209.[ZHANG L F, YANG W L, DONG L, et al. Pollution characteristics and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phthalic acid esters in agricultural surface soil from the Southern Jiangsu Province, China[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2011, 30(11):2202-2209.]
[18] 曹志洪, 周健民. 中国土壤质量[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2008.[CAO Z H, ZHOU J M. Soil Quality of China[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2008.]
[19] 吴叶, 王冬月, 孙宏, 等. 苏南农村地区土壤、大米和井水重金属污染现状[J]. 现代预防医学, 2016, 43(6):991-993, 1004.[WU Y, WANG D Y, SUN H, et al. Survey on the status of heavy metal contamination in soil, rice, and well water in rural areas of southern Jiangsu[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2016, 43(6):991-993, 1004.]
[20] 宋戈, 李丹, 梁海鸥, 等. 松嫩高平原黑土区耕地质量特征及其空间分异——以黑龙江省巴彦县为例[J]. 经济地理, 2012, 32(7):129-134.[SONG G, LI D, LIANG H O, et al. The characteristics of cultivated land quality and its spatial variation in black soil region of Songnen high plain——a case study of Bayan county in Heilongjiang Province[J]. Economic Geography, 2012, 32(7):129-134.]
[21] CHEN T B, ZHENG Y M, LEI M, et al. Assessment of heavy metal pollution in surface soils of urban parks in Beijing, China[J]. Chemosphere, 2005, 60(4):542-551.
[22] WISCHMEIER W H, SMITH D D. Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses:A Guide to Conservation Planning[R]. USDA, Agriculture Handbook. No.537, 1978.
[23] 张岩, 刘宪春, 李智广, 等. 利用侵蚀模型普查黄土高原土壤侵蚀状况[J]. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(10):165-171.[ZHANG Y, LIU X C, LI Z G, et al. Surveying soil erosion condition in loess plateau using soil erosion model[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(10):165-171.]
[24] 王建国, 杨林章, 单艳红. 模糊数学在土壤质量评价中的应用研究[J]. 土壤学报, 2001, 38(2):176-183.[WANF J G, YANG L Z, SHAN Y H. Application of fuzzy mathematics to soil quality evaluation[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2001, 38(2):176-183.]
[25] 王琪琪, 濮励杰, 朱明, 等. 沿海滩涂围垦区土壤质量演变研究-以江苏省如东县为例[J]. 地理科学, 2016, 36(2):256-264.[WANG Q Q, PU L J, ZHU M, et al. Soil quality evolution in coastal reclamation zones:a case study of Rudong county of Jiangsu Province[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2016, 36(2):256-264.]
[26] 陈诚. 沿海岸线资源综合适宜性评价研究——以宁波市为例[J]. 资源科学, 2013, 35(5):950-957.[CHEN C. Coastline resources evaluation of coastal Ningbo City[J]. Resources Science, 2013, 35(5):950-957.]
[27] 孙伟, 陈诚. 海岸带的空间功能分区与管制方法——以宁波市为例[J]. 地理研究, 2013, 32(10):1878-1889.[SUN W, CHEN C. Spatial function regionalization and spatial governance of the coastal zone:a case study in Ningbo City[J]. Geographical Research, 2013, 32(10):1878-1889.]

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed