长江流域资源与环境 >> 2025, Vol. 34 >> Issue (3): 627-640.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj202503013

• 生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于国土空间格局变化的碳代谢过程及其空间分异特征 ——以贵州省为例

吴承敏,任海利   

  1. (贵州大学公共管理学院,贵州 贵阳 550025)
  • 出版日期:2025-03-20 发布日期:2025-03-20

Carbon Metabolism Process and Its Spatial Differentiation Characteristics Based on Changes in National Land Spatial Pattern: A Case Study of Guizhou Province

WU Cheng-min, REN Hai-li    

  1. (School of Public Administration, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China)
  • Online:2025-03-20 Published:2025-03-20

摘要: 国土空间是碳元素的载体,是碳代谢的重要场所,空间格局的变化会影响区域碳代谢过程,优化国土空间格局、促进碳代谢平衡,对实现区域低碳高质量可持续发展具有重要意义。基于土地利用及能源消耗等数据,通过碳失衡指数、碳转化系数法对贵州省2000~2020年国土空间格局变化特征及其空间碳排/汇情况进行分析,并利用ENA、生态效用函数等方法探讨国土空间格局变化导致的碳代谢过程及其生态关系,进而提出相关建议。研究表明:(1)2000~2020年,贵州省国土空间格局变化以强碳排放空间占比增加与强碳汇空间占比减少为主要特征,2015年以来城镇空间碳排放呈负增长,农业空间碳排放增长加快,碳失衡指数由2000年的47.5%下降至2020年的27.2%。(2)2000~2020年,积极碳流、消极碳流、净碳流分别增长5.41、15.70、28.76倍,消极碳流始终大于积极碳流,碳代谢过程呈消极态势,城镇空间持续扩张是其主要原因。(3)2000~2020年间生态效用函数始终<1,2015年后掠夺限制关系呈上升趋势并占主导地位(55%),表明国土空间格局变化对贵州省碳代谢产生消极作用,这与净碳流显示的结果相同。(4)2000~2020年,4种生态关系具有明显的空间异质性,且以中部为核心向西部新增,2015~2020年间在中部、西南部出现集聚。本文定量的分析了贵州省碳代谢流量的变化、代谢异常及区域国土空间结构的合理性,可为调控区域碳代谢平衡、缓解人地矛盾冲突、构建更加低碳可持续的国土空间格局提供科学依据。

Abstract: The national land space is the carrier of carbon elements and is a vital site for carbon metabolism. The changes in the spatial pattern influence the regional carbon metabolism process. Optimizing this spatial pattern and maintaining the carbon metabolism balance are essential to achieve regional low-carbon, high-quality, and sustainable development. Using the Carbon Imbalance Index(CII) and the carbon conversion coefficient, this study analyzed the changes in the national land spatial pattern and spatial carbon emissions/sinks in Guizhou Province from 2000 to 2020. The ecological network analysis and ecological utility function were used to explore the carbon metabolism process and its ecological relationship induced by the changes in the national land spatial pattern. Appropriate suggestions were offered. The results showed that: (1) an increase in strong carbon emissions and a decrease in strong carbon sinks characterized Guizhou’s national land spatial pattern. Further, urban spatial carbon emissions had been decreasing since 2015, whereas agricultural spatial carbon emissions had been steadily increasing. The CII decreased from 47.5% in 2000 to 27.2% in 2020. (2) The positive, negative, and net carbon flows increased by 5.41, 15.70, and 28.76 times, respectively. Carbon metabolism processes remained negative, mainly due to the continued expansion of the urban space. (3) After 2015, the exploitation and control relationships showed a dominant (55%) upward trend, and the value of ecological utility function remained <1, indicating the negative impact of national land spatial pattern changes on carbon metabolism. This result was consistent with that shown by the net carbon flow. (4) The four ecological relationships exhibited considerable spatial heterogeneity. An increase from the central to the western region was indicated, while clustering characterized central and southwestern Guizhou during 2015-2020. This study quantitatively analyzed the changes in the carbon metabolism flow, metabolic anomalies, and the regional land spatial structure in Guizhou, and provided a scientific basis for regulating the regional carbon metabolism balance, towards a sustainable land spatial pattern.

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