长江流域资源与环境 >> 2013, Vol. 22 >> Issue (11): 1297-.

• 自然资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于生态效益的武汉城市圈土地利用结构优化

向芸芸| 蒙吉军   

  1. (北京大学城市与环境学院|地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室|北京100871)
  • 出版日期:2013-10-20

RESEARCH ON OPTIMIZATION OF LAND USE STRUCTURE IN WUHAN URBAN AGGLOMERATION BASED ON ECOLOGICAL BENEFIT

XIANG Yunyun, MENG Jijun   

  1. (School of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Laboratory for Earth Surface Process,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China
  • Online:2013-10-20

摘要:

满足生态安全的土地利用结构优化是协调社会经济发展与生态环境间矛盾、实现土地持续利用的有效途径。以武汉城市圈为研究区,基于2002~2009年土地利用变更调查汇总数据,引入土壤有机碳储量和土地利用绿当量两个生态指标,评价了城市圈发展不同阶段土地利用结构的生态效益;并通过TOPSIS模型对历年土地利用结构生态合理度进行了评价。在此基础上,以经济效益和生态效益的最大化为目标,构建了2020年多目标优化模型,获得了符合城市圈发展需求的土地利用结构优化方案,呈现“四增三减三稳定”的数量格局,且生态效益指标和生态合理度均呈正向的发展趋势;进而提出了土地资源可持续利用的建议。研究结果对武汉城市圈土地利用总体规划修编、土地利用调控方案的优化以及土地可持续利用具有重要指导意义

Abstract:

Land is an irreplaceable material basis and space vector for human survival and society development,which lays a solid foundation for the socioeconomic activities.All the human activities will inevitably reflect in the structure of land use,and at the same time the change of land use structure will,in turn,affect the development of natural conditions as well as its social and economy development.Recently,with the development of society and increase of population,the contraction between human and land is standing out gradually.The inappropriate use of land use has an increasingly negative impact on carbon cycle of landscape ecosystem,and it is also the main human activity,only second to the burn of fossil fuel,that leads to the sharp increase of carbon dioxide in the air,accounting for the global change and imbalance of carbon cycle.Therefore,from the aspect of ecological security,how to gain a greater comprehensive output and accomplish the maximization of economy benefits,social benefits as well as ecology benefits through a proper land use,structure is an important way to solve,at least mitigate,the great contraction among land use,economy development and ecology environment.The construction of optimized land use pattern that meets the ecological benefits is an effective way to protect the limited land resources and coordinate the contradiction between the socioeconomic development and ecoenvironment.Based on the land use and socioeconomic data of Wuhan Urban Agglomeration from 2002 to 2009,this study introduces two ecological indicators,i.e.soil organic carbon stocks and land use green equivalent,as the measurement of its ecological benefits under the current land use structure.And the model of TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) is employed to evaluate the ecological rationality in each year.Then a multiobjective programming model of target year combining the maximization of economic and ecological benefits is built,and the Matlab optimization toolbox is utilized to compute the results,based on which an optimized quantitative land use structure that suits the development demands is constructed,presenting a quantitative pattern of “four increases(cultivated land,forest land,town industrial and mining land,transportation land),three minuses(other agricultural land,rural land and unused land) and three stability(garden land,grassland and other construction land)”.And through the evaluation of the ecological rationality by the TOPSIS model,the ecological benefits of target year reveals to be in a positive direction,realizing the maximization of comprehensive benefits and the balance of each land use type on the basis of the original advantage of each type.Finally,some tentative suggestions on sustainable land use are put forward,which would have some guiding significance and practical meanings on the virtuous circle of land use system and the creation of “Resourcesaving and environmentfriendly society”.Further studies in spatial pattern which takes micro factors such as field cultivation measures and regional disparity into consideration will be explored to better guide the management and function of land use policy

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