长江流域资源与环境 >> 2018, Vol. 27 >> Issue (07): 1445-.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201807021

• 生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

变化中的参考作物蒸散量及其对气候的响应

符静,秦建新,黎祖贤,张中波,胡顺石   

  1. (1. 湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,湖南 长沙 410081;2. 地理空间大数据挖掘与应用湖南省重点实验室,湖南 长沙 410081;3. 湖南省人工影响天气办公室,湖南 长沙 410118)
  • 出版日期:2018-07-20 发布日期:2018-11-09

Changing Reference Evapotranspiration and Effects of Climatic Factors

FU Jing 1, 2, QIN Jianxin 1, 2, LI Zuxian 3, ZHANG Zhongbo 3, HU Shunshi 1, 2   

  1. (1. College of Resource and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; 
    2. Hunan Key Laboratory of Geospatial Big Data Mining and Application, Changsha 410081, China; 
    3. Hunan Weather Modification Office, Changsha 410118, China)
  • Online:2018-07-20 Published:2018-11-09

摘要: 作为重要的水文气象参数,参考作物蒸散量(ET0)在全球生态系统中发挥重要作用。为深化认识湿润气候区ET0变化,基于湖南省87个气象站1960~2015年逐月气候资料,应用PenmanMonteith(PM)模型估算ET0,利用线性趋势、MannKendall检验、反距离加权插值等分析了ET0及主要气候因子的时空变化,采取逐〖JP〗步回归函数来确定PM方程所涉及的气候因子对ET0变化的贡献。研究表明:年均ET0降幅为-3346 mm/10 a,〖JP+1〗日照时数和风速下降是ET0减少的主要原因,而相对湿度下降提高了ET0。春、夏、秋、冬四季ET0变化幅度分别为2966、-5451、-0922、-0207 mm/10 a,春季ET0增加是由相对湿度下降和最高气温上升引起的,夏、秋、冬三季ET0减少主要与日照时数和风速下降有关。风速、相对湿度、日照时数呈下降趋势,而气温、降水、湿润指数呈上升趋势,后者表明气候暖湿化趋势。气候变化背景下ET0显示出不同时间尺度(年、季)空间分布的多样性

Abstract: As a critical hydrometeorological parameter, reference evapotranspiration (ET0) plays an important role in the global ecosystem. In order to deepen the understanding of how ET0 changes in humid regions, we calculated ET0 by using the PenmanMonteith equation and data from 87 meteorological stations in Hunan Province from 1960 to 2015. We applied linear trend, MannKendall test and inverse distance weighting interpolation methods for the analysis of spatiotemporal variations of ET0 and major meteorological variables, and selected the variables involved in the equation to identify the contribution to variability of ET0 using stepwise regression. Results indicated that: (1) average annual ET0 decreased at a rate of -3346 mm per decade. The declining trend of ET0 is mainly explained by the decline in sunshine duration and wind speed. On the contrary, dropping in relative humidity increases ET0 to some extent; (2) ET0 in spring was found to increase significantly (2966 mm per decade) , attributing to the decrease in relative humidity as well as the rise in maximum temperature, while ET0 decreased at a rate of -5451, -0922, -0207 mm per decade in summer, autumn, and winter, respectively; (3) the downward trend of ET0 in the three seasons was mainly related to the decline in sunshine durition and wind speed; (4) Annual wind speed, relative humidity and sunshine duration decreased while temperature, precipitation and wetness index showed an upward trend, suggesting a warming-wetting trend in Hunan Province; and (5) Spatial distribution of ET0 in Hunan Province under changing climate differed significantly among various regions both over annual and seasonal scale

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