Abstract: In order to study the effects of different agricultural land consolidation measures on soil bacteria, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to compare the soil bacterial diversity and structure under different agricultural land consolidation measures. The results showed that: (1) From the perspective of bacterial diversity, the soil bacterial diversity of the sample sites under agricultural land consolidation was significantly improved. （2) From the perspective of bacterial population structure, measures such as land merging, land levelling, ditch construction and improving soil fertility had effectively improved the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Methylocaldum, Nitrosomonas and Desulfonema. (3) The pH, Cu and Pb content were the important oil environmental factors affecting soil bacterial diversity and structure in agricultural land remediation areas by correlation analysis. The study confirmed the important role of agricultural land consolidation in improving soil bacterial diversity and soil quality, and also provided a scientific basis for the development of agricultural land consolidation.