Abstract: The Fu River watershed is one of the major sources of runoff and sediment into the Three Gorges Reservoir. Based on observations of daily runoff and sediment transport rate from 1980-2018 at the hydrological station of Fu River watershed, this study carried out analyses on runoff-sediment time series and rating curves on multiple temporal scales, and quantitatively differentiated contribution rates of meteorological conditions and human activities. Results showed that: (1) On an annual scale, the means of annual runoff and sediment discharge exhibited significant downward trends and typical three-stage characteristics, taking 1997 and 2012 as the turning years; On a monthly scale, high values of runoff and sediment discharge mainly occurred in July, August and September; On a daily scale, the Concentration Indices of runoff and sediment are 0.5 and 0.91 respectively, indicating that extreme events runoff and sediment became more urgent. (2) Long-term rating curve analyses showed that the external driving factor a presented a significant upward trend, while the sediment transport factor b exhibited a significant downward trend; Event-based analyses on Concentration-Discharge loops showed that, clockwise and counterclockwise loops were two prominent types of C-Q loops. Frequencies of occurrence of the above two types presented downward and upward trends, respectively, demonstrating increased effect of human activities and decreased effect of river sediment transport capacity. (3)Human activities were proved to be the primary driving factor, and corresponding contribution rates to runoff and sediment discharge accounted for more than 86% and 97%, respectively. The above conclusions could provide basic data and scientific evidences for management of runoff and sediment resources in the Yangtze River Basin.