Abstract: “Improving the balance, coordination, and inclusiveness of development” is an inevitable requirement for regional development in China. The Yangtze River Economic Belt is a resource belt, industrial belt, urban belt and a leading demonstration belt for ecological civilization construction with the most comprehensive advantages and development potential in China. Promoting the coordinated and balanced development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is one of the important ways for China to achieve common prosperity. Based on the evaluation index system of the coordinated and balanced development index, this paper uses a variety of quantitative analysis methods to reveal the current situation of the coordinated and balanced development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The results are as follows: (1) Coordinated and balanced development is a theoretical innovation in the practice of regional development, which aims to improve the coordination, balance and integration of regional development in China, thereby upgrading the allocation efficiency of regional elements. (2) At the inter-provincial level, the overall status of the coordinated and balanced development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is not ideal, and the problems of unbalanced and uncoordinated in the development process are relatively prominent. (3) At the prefecture level, there are huge differences among 110 cities, and the sub- indices generally show a decreasing trend from the lower reaches to the upper reaches. (4) In order to further promote the coordinated and balanced development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in the future, the region needs to pay more attention to cross-regional coordination and cooperation, take common prosperity as the fundamental foothold, accelerate the construction of new urbanization, focus on building a comprehensive stereoscopic transportation corridor across the river basin, and continue to improve ecosystem of the Yangtze River basin.