Abstract: The ecological environment is fragile and the frequency of drought event has gradually increased in recent year in Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi region. Therefore, it is of great importance to study the mechanism of vegetation response to meteorological drought for regional water resources management and comprehensive drought coping strategy. In this paper, based on the GIMMS NDVI data and the multiscale(1/3/6/9/12/24 months) Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI) data from 1982 to 2015, the spatial and temporal variations of vegetation cover and its response mechanism to meteorological drought were analyzed using trend analysis method and correlation analysis method. The results indicated that the interannual and seasonal NDVI increased significantly in Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi region from 1982 to 2015, and the growth rate of NDVI in karst area was higher than that in non-karst area. The improvement trend of vegetation cover was obvious in karst area, but the spatial distribution was significantly different. The maximum correlation coefficients of interannual NDVI to SPEI were mainly positive at six time scales. In the vast majority of areas, NDVI was sensitive to SPEI-1 and SPEI-3, especially in karst area. The maximum correlation coefficients between seasonal NDVI and SPEI were all dominated by positive correlations at six time scales, and there were seasonal difference in response time. The maximum correlation coefficients between NDVI and SPEI was mainly positive in the growing season at six time scales. The area with positive maximum correlation coefficients tended to decrease as the time scale of SPEI increased, indicating that NDVI was more sensitive to SPEI at a short time scale. The response characteristic of different vegetation types to SPEI varied at six time scales, but all were significantly correlated with SPEI at a short time scale. The results of this study could provide theoretical reference for the rational management of water resources and the integrated response to drought in Yunnan, Guizhou and Guizhou region.