长江流域资源与环境 >> 2022, Vol. 31 >> Issue (11): 2500-2513.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj202211015

• 生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

武汉市东南部通风廊道构建和气象效应研究

成丹,许杨*,刘静,陈正洪,阳威,张雪婷   

  1. (湖北省气象服务中心,湖北 武汉 430205)
  • 出版日期:2022-11-20 发布日期:2022-12-26

A Study of Constructing of the Wuhan Ventilation Corridors and#br#  Simulating their Meteorological Effects#br#

CHENG Dan, XU Yang, LIU Jing, CHEN Zheng-hong, YANG Wei, ZHANG Xue-ting   

  1. (Hubei Meteorological Service Center, Wuhan 430205,China)
  • Online:2022-11-20 Published:2022-12-26

摘要: 武汉市东南部的夏季平均风速以“软轻风”为主,中心城区风速缓慢减小,热岛集中,郊区风速保持稳定波动,大部分区域基本无热岛。尝试构建武汉市东南部的宏观通风廊道系统,并利用WRF模式进行数值敏感性试验,定量研究不同廊道建设对周边地区气象场的影响。模拟时间选为2018年7月18日,盛行东南风,模拟试验设置平行于主导风和垂直于主导风的两条通风廊道。结果表明:武汉市东南部的通风廊道有降低气温、提高湿度和增加风速的作用。与无廊道相比,与主导风平行的廊道可致使近地面气温下降1.4℃,相对湿度提高8%,风速增加1.4 m·s-1,垂直高度100 m以内降温增湿效应明显,120 m高度风速增加1 m·s-1;与主导风垂直的廊道对气温、湿度和风速的作用强度弱于平行廊道,且复合廊道的作用强度与单一廊道基本相同。通风廊道对气温和湿度的影响随风向向下游延伸,但对风速影响甚微。与主导风平行的廊道下风方1 km气温降低0.98℃,相对湿度提高5.93%,下风方2 km气温降低0.46℃,相对湿度提高3.12%。通过设计通风廊道,利用主导风偏东风将城郊绿地和水体同中心热岛区串连,引入冷源自然风,导出城市热空气,形成局地对流,可缓解城市热岛。

Abstract: The average wind speed in the southeastern Wuhan is dominated by soft breeze, which decreases slowly in central urban area with heat island being concentrated, while keeping stable fluctuation in suburbs with no heat island in most areas. The study constructs a marco ventilation corridor system in the southeastern Wuhan, and then performs numerical sensitivity experiments to examine impacts of three-typed corridors on the meteorological fields around the surrounding areas by WRF. The simulation period is set on 18th July 2018 with the prevailing southeast wind. Two ventilation corridors are first set up, which are parallel and perpendicular to the prevailing wind, respectively. The results indicate that the urban ventilation corrisor can decrease temperature, increase humidity and wind speed. Compared with no corridors, the corridor parallel to the prevailing wind can make the near surface temperature dropping by 1.4℃, the relative humidity increasing by 8% and the wind speed increasing by 1.4 m·s-1. The effect of cooling and humidifying is obvious within a vetical height of 100 m, and the wind speed increase by 1 m·s-1 at 120 m. The effect of the corridor perpendicular to the prevailing wind on temperature, humidity and wind speed is weaker than that of the parallel one, and the effect of the composite corridors is basically the same as that of the single one. The influence of ventilation corridors on temperature and humidity extends downstream along the wind, but little on wind speed. The temperature decreases by 0.98℃ and the relative humidity increases by 5.93% for 1 km downwind of the corridor parallel to the prevailing wind, while 0.46℃ and 3.12% respectively for 2 km. The study shows that the ventilation corridors are designed to connect the suburban green space and water body with the central heat island area by the prevailing east wind, which introduce the cold natural wind and export the urban hot air to form local convection for alleviating urban heat island.

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