Abstract: Taking the lakeside zone in the north of Chaohu Lake as the research area, the 0~20cm surface soil of the intertidal zone, plant wetland, forest land and field were collected. The soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) was analyzed by UV absorption spectrum and three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum combined with parallel factors to explore the spectral characteristics of DOM in different land types. The results showed that the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of the four land types in the northern lakeside zone of Chaohu Lake had a significantly positive correlation with the colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and the fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) (p<0.05), and the CDOM and FDOM also had a significantly positive correlation (p<0.05). Compared with the other three types of soil, the contents of DOC, CDOM and FDOM in plant wetland soil were the highest. The UV absorption spectrum parameters showed that the relative molecular weight, hydrophobic components and aromatization degree of DOM in field and forest soil were higher. The spectral slope ratio (SR) of the four types of soil was less than 0.70, and the fluorescence index (FI) was between 1.40 and 1.90, indicating that the degree of soil humus in the lakeside zone was better. DOM had dual characteristics of endogenous and exogenous, and the exogenous ones were the main sources. The biotic index (BIX) and Fn(280) of plant wetland soil were higher than those of the other three land types, and the humification index (HIX) was the lowest, indicating that the biogenic and protein-like components were higher than the other three land types, and the humification degree was the lowest. The four types of soil DOM were composed of three fluorescent components:fulvic-like acid(Ex/Em=245,320/420 nm),tryptophan-like(Ex/Em=280/340 nm),humic-like acid (Ex/Em=275,375/455 nm).The contribution rate of fulvic-like acid components up to DOM was 46~62%, and the proportion of tryptophan-like in DOM of plant wetland soil was higher than that of other soil types. The results provide basic data for revealing the composition, structure and source of soil DOM of different land types in Chaohu lakeside, and provide scientific basis for the protection of aquatic environment in Chaohu Lake.