Abstract: This paper conducted study of soil particle composition,fractal characteristics and the changes in soil organic carbon in wetlands along the lower Yangtze River.This study will help understand the wetland soil structure,quality and the status of wetland carbon pools,and provide a theoretical basis for wetland ecological restoration.The results showed that: the wetland soils in the lake area were composed mainly of chalk (72.57%~80.16%),which was a powdery loam with a fine texture.Soil organic carbon content (13.62 ~23.80 g/kg) was significantly positively correlated with clay grains and negatively correlated with sand grains.The fractal dimension of soil bulk density in Caizi Lake wetland was mainly determined by the content of clay particles,with values ranging from high to low in the order of shallow water > bottom sediment > mudflat > grassflat > farmland.The generalized dimension spectrum D (q) was a decreasing function of the inverse "S" type,and D0 > D1 > D2,showing an uneven distribution.The correlation between multi-fractal parameters and soil particles was significant,but not so with organic carbon content,where the content of fine particles (powder and sticky particles) had a significant effect on the multiple fractal parameters of soil particle size distribution.The study showed that multiple fractal parameters could reveal the soil properties of the wetland of Caizihu,and suggested that wetland vegetation restoration and improved tillage measures be carried out to improve the soil structure.The conclusions of this study provided scientific references for wetland ecological restoration,aiming to a potential enhancement of wetland soil carbon sink capacity as well as an increase of the stability of carbon pools.