Abstract: Exploring the correlation between urban-rural integration and "double carbon" is of great significance for promoting the construction of ecological civilization and achieving high-quality regional development. Taking the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River as the research object, this study used the coupling coordination degree model, the trend surface method and the geographic detector to study the spatio-temporal evolution and influencing factors of coupling coordination between urban-rural integration and carbon emission from 2010 to 2019. The results showed that: (1) The overall level of urban-rural integration was on the rise, but the average value was low and the regional differences were obvious. (2) The overall carbon emission intensity showed a downward trend, with narrowing regional differences, but with an existence of imbalance. (3) The coupling coordination degree between urban-rural integration level and carbon emission intensity showed a fluctuating upward trend. The type of coupling coordination evolved from reluctant coordination to intermediate coordination, indicating a development towards environmentally friendly urban agglomeration. The changes in coupling coordination degree of various cities could be divided into four types: rapidly rising central cities, radiantly rising peripheral cities, steadily rising node cities, and slowly rising marginal cities. In particular, marginal cities had much room for further improvement. The spatial distribution of coupling coordination degree showed the characteristics of "low in the middle and high at both ends in the east-west direction, and high in the south and low in the north in the north-south direction". (4) Non-agricultural employment ratio, land urbanization, urban-rural spatial circulation media, per capita GDP and urban-rural population density ratio were the core factors influencing the coupling coordination degree. Finally, suggestions were put forward in building a coordinated development model with green and low-carbon characteristics, strengthening the leading role of provincial capital cities, and enhancing the development momentum of small and medium-sized cities.