Abstract: Accurate identification of conflicts between land uses is of great significance to optimize the spatial layout of land and promote regional development. Taking Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone as the research object, this paper adopted the ecological risk model and land use suitability evaluation model to construct the measurement systems of land use structural conflict and functional conflict. This paper overlaid the structural conflict with the functional conflict to identify the type of land use conflict, based on grid cells. The corresponding control countermeasures were put forward. The results showed as follows. 1) Structural conflicts were divided into four categories including heavy, moderate, general and light conflict areas. The moderate conflicts were found to be the largest, with a total of 1 324 grid cells. The area was mainly distributed in the high urbanization level where human activities were obvious. 2) The suitability scores for agricultural, ecological and construction land use ranged from 35.08 to 86.30, 47.80 to 92.80 and 22.51 to 93.46, respectively. The suitability of agricultural land showed a larger distribution in the south and a smaller distribution in the east and west. The suitability of ecological land showed a larger distribution in the east and west and a smaller distribution in the center. The suitability of construction land showed a larger distribution in the center and south and a smaller distribution in the west. The area of functional conflict occupied a total of 1 885 cells, which was dominated by strong conflict zones in the southern and central regions with a flat terrain. 3) By synthesizing the results of structural and functional conflicts, the land use conflicts in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone were divided into four categories, namely, weak conflict controllable area, single structural out-of-control area, single functional out-of-control area and structural-functional double out-of-control area. With regard to the types of land use conflicts in the study area, control measures of optimizing the spatial layout of the land, controlling the increment of construction land, and establishing the transition zone of the protected area were proposed in order to provide scientific guidance for the socio-economic development and spatial planning of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone.