金沙江干热河谷几种引进树种人工植被的生态学研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用标准木法和收获法，对金沙江元谋干热河谷几种引进树种的人工植被（即赤桉×新银合欢混交林、赤桉纯林、新银合欢纯林和印楝纯林）各层植被生物量与天然次生植被（坡柳-扭黄茅灌草丛）进行了比较研究，同时对各类植被的物种组成和物种多样性进行了比较分析。结果表明：（1）采用引进树种人工恢复的植被积累了大量生物质，总生物量大小依次为：赤桉×新银合欢混交林（4491 t/hm2）>新银合欢纯林（3991 t/hm2）>赤桉纯林（3857 t/ hm2）>印楝纯林（1306 t/hm2）>天然次生林（935 t/ hm2）。人工恢复植被生物量主要集中在乔木层，天然次生植被生物量主要集中在灌木、草本和凋落物层。（2）人工恢复植被的物种数均少于天然次生植被，而且不同植被的物种数和物种组成也存在差异。（3）各植被的Shannonwiener多样性指数和Margalef丰富度指数均表现为：印楝纯林>坡柳-扭黄茅灌草丛>赤桉纯林>赤桉×新银合欢混交林。在Alatato均匀度指数方面，各人工植被之间的差异不大，但人工植被与天然次生植被之间有显著差异。〖

关键词: 干热河谷, 引进树种, 植被恢复, 物种多样性

Abstract:

By means of the standardtimber and the harvesting methods,biomass of the vegetation in different layers of some manmade forests of introduced species including 〖WTBX〗Ecucalyptus camaldulensisLeucaena leucocephala〖WTBZ〗 mixed forest,〖WTBX〗Ecucalyptus camaldulensis〖WTBZ〗 pure forest，〖WTBX〗Leucaena leucocephala〖WTBZ〗 pure forest,〖WTBX〗Azadirachta indica〖WTBZ〗 pure forest and natural secondary forest in the dryhot valley of Jinshajiang River,Yuanmou County,was comparatively studied.Species composition and plant diversity between manmade forests of introduced species and natural secondary forest have been compared too.The results showed that: (1)Manmade forests of introduced species in comparison with the natural secondary forest have larger biomass,and general biomass in different forests revealed 〖WTBX〗Ecucalyptus camaldulensisLeucaena leucocephala〖WTBZ〗 mixed forest（4491 t/hm2）>〖WTBX〗Leucaena leucocephala〖WTBZ〗 pure forest(3991 t/hm2)>〖WTBX〗Ecucalyptus camaldulensis〖WTBZ〗 pure forest（3857 t/hm2）>〖WTBX〗Azadirachta indica〖WTBZ〗 pure forest（1306 t/hm2）>natural secondary forest(935 t/hm2).Biomass in tree layers took up the most large parts of the manmade forests,and in natural secondary forest,shrub layer,herbaceous layer and litter layer were the main parts.(2)The number of species in manmade forest was fewer than in natural secondary forest,and it was different in the number of species and species composition in manmade forests.(3)The Shannonwiener diversity indexes and Margalef evenness indexes in forests showed 〖WTBX〗Azadirachta indica〖WTBZ〗 pure forest>natural secondary forest>〖WTBX〗Ecucalyptus camaldulensis〖WTBZ〗 pure forest>〖WTBX〗camaldulensisLeucaena leucocephala〖WTBZ〗 mixed forest>Leucaena leucocephala pure forest.There was no significant difference in Alatato evenness indexes among manmade forests, but it was different between manmade forests and natural secondary forest.〖

Key words: dryhot valley, introduced species, vegetation restoration, species diversity〖

刘方炎,李昆,马姜明,. 金沙江干热河谷几种引进树种人工植被的生态学研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2008, 17(3): 468-468.

LIU Fangyan,LI Kun, MA Jiangming,. ECOLOGICAL STUDY ON SEVERAL MANMADE FORESTS OF INTRODUCED SPECIES IN JINSHAJIANG DRYHOT VALLEY[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2008, 17(3): 468-468.

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