关键词: 面源污染/环境保全型农业/ 立法/ 可持续发展

Abstract:

Since the concept of “Environmental Safety Agriculture” was first proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture，Forestry and Fisheries of Japan，much importance is being attached gradually in Japan to the nonpoint pollution mainly of agricultural pollution.Since then，the Japanese government，in accordance with the changes of nonpoint pollution in various periods，brings into legalization diversified policies，objectives and economic measures on pollutions of agricultural production，poultry raising and solid waste as well as speedway pollution and urban living pollution，and has in succession introduced a series of laws and regulations advantageous to the prevention of nonpoint pollution.These laws and regulations are not specific，but their contents are characterized with compatibility，systematization and maneuverability，and the punitive measures pertinency and hierarchy，together with the combination of economic measures and legal responsibility，which objectively plays a significant role in the prevention of nonpoint pollution.To use for reference the experience of Japan in legislation，in preventing the nonpoint pollution，China should further perfect its laws and regulations，definitude the respective responsibility of the authorities，reinforce the legal responsibility，and induct，through different measures making the citizens to prevent the nonpoint pollution consciously.

Key words: nonpoint pollution/environmental safety agriculture/ legislation/ sustainable development