秦岭南部地区农业气候资源的变化及其对油菜的影响

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201706011

Abstract

Abstract: The conditions of terrain and climate are complex in southern Qinling Mountains one of the main planting area of rape. Studying the effect on the change characteristics of agricultural climate resources, can contribute to the effective use of climate resources, reasonable arrangements for farming activities of rapeseed production. Based on the daily meteorological data of 35 stations in 1960–2014 in southern Qinling Mountains and nearly 25 years of provincial statistical yearbook, we analyzed the change characteristics of agricultural climate resources in southern Qinling Mountains and the influence on the rape production using the moving average, linear trend estimation, grey correlation analysis methods. The results showed that:(1) In the past 55 years, average temperatures and ≥ 5°C temperature showed an extremely significant increasing trend, the average rate was 0.2 and 29.3°C/10a. The freezing index, precipitation, flowering period of precipitation and relative humidity and sunshine hours showed decreasing trends, with average reduction of 0.3, 14.8 mm, 1.4 mm, 0.6%, and 32.2h for every 10a, respectively. (2) The average spatial distribution of average temperature and ≥ 5°C temperature were decreasing from southwest to northeast, and the freezing injury index and spatial distribution showed an opposite trend, indicating that winter extreme minimum temperature from southwest to northeast gradually decreased. The average spatial distribution of water resource index decreased from south to north, while sunshine hours increased from southwest to northeast. (3) The average temperature and ≥ 5°C temperature showed a significant increasing trend. A relative small changing amplitude was observed in the west, while a relative large one was observed in the east of the region. Similar spatial variation was observed for the freezing index. water resources and sunshine hours had a significant decreasing trend, only a few sites showed a significant increasing trend, the sunshine hours in the eastern part of the study area changed significantly, the area change rate was relatively small. On the whole, for average temperature and ≥ 5°C temperature, small changing ranges were present in the high value area of the agricultural climate resource index, while large changing ranges were present in the low value area. (4)In recent 25 years in southern Qinling Mountains the rape climate yield upward trend was not obvious, the average rate of 3.79 kg/(a·hm²), the spatial amplitude difference is big, and the change trend of most of the site were not significant; different main influencing factors by the correlation function in each region for meteorological yield of rape, and the greater the change range of the agricultural climate resource index, the greater the impact on the yield of rape.

Key words: agricultural climate resources, southern Qinling Mountains, temporal and spatial variation, rape, correlation, meteorological yield

CLC Number:

P467

WANG Shui-xia, YIN Shu-yan, ZHAO Rui-rui, ZHOU Ya-li. CHANGE CHARACTERISTICS OF AGRICULTURAL CLIMATE RESOURCES IN SOUTHERN QINLING MOUNTAINS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON RAPE[J].RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2017, 26(06): 882-893.

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CHANGE CHARACTERISTICS OF AGRICULTURAL CLIMATE RESOURCES IN SOUTHERN QINLING MOUNTAINS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON RAPE

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