Abstract: Based on the microscopic data of 1710 farmers in Hubei province, this paper empirically analyzed the impact of land fragmentation on farmers′ environment-friendly technology adoption decisions using Double-Hurdle model. The main research conclusions are as follows: (1) In general, land fragmentation has a negative impact on the decision that whether farmers adopt environment-friendly technology and density decision. (2) For men and farmers with low self-efficacy perception, land fragmentation has a negative impact on the adoption decision and density decision; However, there was no significant effect on women and farmers with high self-efficacy perception. (3) Land fragmentation has a negative impact on the adoption decision for farmers with strong social network, but has no impact on the density decision. Land fragmentation has a negative impact on the adoption decision and density decision for farmers with weak social network. (4) Land fragmentation has negative influence on the density decision for low agricultural income dependent farmers and the adoption decision for high agricultural income dependent farmers, but has no influence on the adoption decision for low agricultural income dependent farmers and the density decision for high agricultural income dependent farmers. (5) Land fragmentation has no influence on the adoption decision, but has an influence on the density decision for farmers living in plain areas. Land fragmentation has a negative influence on both the adoption decision and density decision for farmers living in non-plain areas. Therefore, this paper suggests that the policy of promoting the construction of high-quality farmland and encouraging farmers to adopt environmental-friendly technologies, which should fully consider the heterogeneous influence of farmers and implement precise policies, and also consider the effects of different natural environment characteristics (such as topography), adopting differentiated incentive strategies for farmers in plain and non-plain areas.