Abstract: In order to quantitatively measure the soil nitrogen spatial characteristics of the Jiangxi province, 16582 points data collected from the project of 2012 soiltestbased formulated fertilization were analyzed in this study. The analysis methods included ordinary kriging, oneway variance analysis and regression analysis. The results showed: ①Total nitrogen (TN) ranged from 026 g/kg to 375 g/kg, with an average of 158 g/kg. The coefficient of variation was 3101%, indicating a moderately spatial variability. Available nitrogen (AN) ranged from 1160 mg/kg  to 39970 mg/kg, with an average of 16431 mg/kg. The coefficient of variation was 3460%, showing a moderately spatial variability.②The spatial changes of TN and AN were 31489 km and 3030 km, respectively; the spatial autocorrelation range of TN is larger and AN is smaller.③In the spatial distribution, the high value areas were mainly included the city of Xinyu, Fuzhou and Jingdezhen.④The terrain factors, farmlanduse type, parent material, soil type and straw returning patterns had significant impacts on the spatial variability of soil nitrogen(P<001). Straw returning patterns was the most important factor that influencing on soil nitrogen spatial variation of the Jiangxi province, which could explain 271% of TN spatial variability and 42% of AN spatial variability.