RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN

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20 September 2017, Volume 26 Issue 09

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Select SPATIOTEMPORAL PATTERN EVOLVEMENT AND DRIVING FACTORS OF LAND URBANIZATION IN YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC BELT

ZHANG Li-xin1,ZHU Dao-lin1,2, DU Ting1, XIE Bao-peng1,GUO Ji-heng

2017, (09): 1295. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709001

Abstract ( 371 )

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Making a study of the spatial and temporal pattern evolution and driving factors of land urbanization in Yangtze River Economic Belt, has the important theoretical and practical significance for new-type urbanization construction. This study measured the land urbanization level of 121 Prefecture-level cities in Yangtze River Economic Belt from1994 to 2014.By using the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis（ESDA）to explore the spatio-temporal characteristics of the land urbanization. Discussing the driving factors with the method of Partial Least Squares Regression（PLS）.The results of the study showed that: Land urbanization level in Yangtze River Economic Belt revealed a growing trend as well，and showed the characteristics of periodic variation. The spatial differences of land urbanization in Yangtze River Economic Belt were mainly represented that as the core of the polarization, agglomeration trend of the land urbanization hot zones had taken on gradually decreasing from northeast to southwest. The land urbanization level in Yangtze River Economic Belt was affected by various factors, for example: economic performance, industrial structure, population scale, fixed assets investment, and regional factors.

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“SPATIAL FLOW” NETWORK STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF THE URBAN AGGLOMERATION IN THE YANGTZE RIVER DELTA:A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS BASED ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION, RAILWAY PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION, AND BAIDU INDEXES

SUN Yang 1, 2, ZHANG Luo-cheng 1, YAO Shi-mou 1

2017, (09): 1304. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709002

Abstract ( 248 )

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The application of information technology and transmission of social information technology make a large number of elements, including population flow, material flow and information flow, gather and spread within the urban agglomeration. The links among agglomerated cities are strengthened as well. Based on the comprehensive analysis of road transportation, common train, high-speed train, and Baidu indexes, this paper analyzes the ‘spatial flow’ network structural features of the urban agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta. Results indicate the followings. ①An imbalanced relationship is found among the cities although network connections have been established within the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration. The network development pattern is remarkably centered in Shanghai, Nanjing, and Hangzhou. ② The ‘spatial flow’ of the 16 core cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration shows a triangle network structure, and the vertex angles are composed of three core nodes, such as Shanghai (Hu), Nanning (Ning), and Hangzhou (Hang). Numerous network connections have also been established among secondary cities within the spatial structure. In terms of spatial distribution, the network connection degree in the Northern region is higher than the linear connection in the Southern region, and the connection degree decreases along “Hu-Ning” and “Hu-Hang.” ③ The five core cities, including Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Suzhou, and Wuxi, are ranked in the forefront of the network. Meanwhile, Huzhou, Nantong, Taizhou, Zhoushan, and other peripheral cities are ranked backward. This finding is associated with the ‘connected vessels effect’ during the development of regional economy. With the development of regional economic integration, the central city will provide services and economic radiation to the surrounding areas and improve the network system of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration.

Select IMPACT OF HIGH-SPEED RAIL ON REGIONAL TOURISM INTEGRATION IN THE YANGTZE RIVER DELTA

HUANG Tai1,2，XI Jian-chao2，GE Quan-sheng1

2017, (09): 1311. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709003

Abstract ( 174 )

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The high-speed rail has become a key factor affecting the integration of regional tourism in China. However, the absence of systematic view considering tourism supply and demand separately is widespread in the existing researches on the impact of high-speed rails on tourism. In this paper the regional tourism competitiveness and resident travel potential with and without high-speed rail network of the Yangtze River delta are studied using GIS and the improved gravity model of tourism system. Meanwhile, the specific direction, degree and meaning of the regional tourism integration under the impact of high-speed rail are also analyzed. The results show that: (1) the high-speed rails’ impact on regional tourism integration has enhanced, which has widened the hierarchical difference and meanwhile caused the integration effect of reverse balance; (2) the high-speed rails have strengthened the core-periphery structure of regional tourism system, and tourism competitiveness and resident travel potential of none-HSR cities have been weakened while those of the core HSR city Shanghai has enhanced; (3) after the operation of the high-speed rails, the tourism pattern has changed most in periphery areas; however, the non-balanced development of regional tourism in these areas cannot be changed fundamentally because of comprehensive location disadvantages; (4) the time-space compression of high-speed rail weakens the effect of distance meanwhile strengthens the effect of tourism itself, so to develop tourism integration of high-speed railway cities should pay attention to the differential development strategy so as to avoid the homogenization of competition; and (5) the high-speed rail can provide a relatively equitable transportation development platform for the peripheral cities and prevent periphery areas from being further marginalized. Therefore, we put forward several specific policy proposals to establish a regional balanced HSR network and promote regional tourism integration development.

Select ACCESSIBILITY MEASURE AND ECONOMIC POTENTIAL ANALYSIS OF HIGH-SPEED RAIL NETWORK IN ANHUI PROVINCE

TAO Shi-jie,LI Jun-feng

2017, (09): 1323. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709004

Abstract ( 143 )

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The opening of high-speed railways has made a significant difference in the construction of cities along the railway. Based on accessibility measurement and modified economic potential model, an in-depth analysis of the accessibility and economic potential of high-speed railways in AnhuiProvince was conducted through using GIS. The research results are shown as follows: ①After the opening of high-speed railways, the accessibility of Anhui province significantly improved, but the overall pattern remained unchanged, which took on a “multi-core” mode centering on Hefei and taking Huainan and Wuhu as sub-centers. The accessibility of Chizhou and Tongling improved to the largest degree, followed by Huangshan; the change of Wuhu and Chuzhou in accessibility was the smallest. After the opening of high-speed railways, the accessibility of Chuzhou decreased to the largestdegree, ranking the fifth; Hefei, Huainan and Huangshan were the most stable cities; other cities changed slightly.②The improvement of accessibility had a certain effect on the economic potential of the city; generally, a peripheral expansion mode centering on Hehui was presented. The economic potential growth in Chizhou and Tongling was the most significant; Huangshan ranked the third. Obviously, the improvement in accessibility had a direct impact on the economic development of Chizhou, Tongling, and Huangshan. After the opening of high-speed railways, Hefei and Wuhu ranked the second in terms of economic potential, and their status as traditional economic center didn’t change. The economic potential in Ma’anshan increased to the largest degree, ranking the fourth. But for Chizhou and Huangshan, their economic potential was still relatively weak, ranking last. ③After the opening of high-speed railways, the time-space astringency effect was significant. The improvement of accessibility dramatically promoted the growth of economic potential, but affected by many factors, the relationship between accessibility and economic potential was not fully harmonious.

Select EVALUATION ON ECOLOGICAL CARRYING CAPACITY AND ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION IN WUHAN URBAN AGGLOMERATION BASED ON ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT

YANG Lu-di1, ZENG Chen2, 3, JIAO Li-min4, LIU Yu3

2017, (09): 1332. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709005

Abstract ( 177 )

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With the promotion of new urbanization and ecological construction, the objective and quantitative evaluation of the status of regional eco-environment is one of the most important and is the urgent tasks of the ecological construction at the current stage. High-density human activities can exert excessive pressure on natural eco-system. The analysis of the ecological carrying capacity can measure such impact quantitatively, and provide a reference for regional sustainable development. This paper mainly calculated the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of counties in Wuhan urban agglomeration in 2008 and 2013 on the basis of the ecological footprint pattern, and analyzed the temporal and spatial variations. It was discovered that the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of the counties in the urban agglomeration were significant difference in space, the ecological footprint increased with the passage of time, while the carrying capacity varied slightly, presenting a polarized phenomenon. According to the ecological footprint calculation results, we establish spatial transfer Ecological compensation among districts in Wuhan urban agglomeration. Having calculated the ecological compensation across different districts based on the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity, this paper performed the transfer payments in 2008 and 2013 of Wuhan urban agglomeration. The results indicated that if the financial transfer payment is carried out, the whole districts could form a balance of supply and demand in the ecological system, alleviate the ecological pressure of Wuhan urban agglomeration, and realize the sustainable development of Wuhan urban agglomeration.

Select A STUDY ON URBAN SPATIAL EXPANSION AND SPATIAL EVOLUTION OF CHONGQING SECTION IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA

LIU Ting1, ZHAO Wei2, ZHANG Zhi-hong3, ZENG Ya2, ZHANG Ming2

2017, (09): 1342. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709006

Abstract ( 159 )

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Due to the limitation of the times and uniqueness of geographical unit, the former research hotspots of city spatial structure theory mainly focused on the economically developed eastern regions or hyper-megalopolis, but paid insufficient attention on small and medium-sized city in the underdeveloped western regions. Based on RS and GIS technology, this paper made quantitative analysis on the 20 years` urban spatial expansion and morphological evaluation of Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Area, by employing urban spatial expansion intensity and speed index, compactness, fractal dimension and shape index as well as extracting built-up area data based on the five TM remote sensing images of 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. At last, we summed up the following conclusions and suggestions. Firstly, the intensity and speed of urban spatial expansion shows an increasing trend on the whole, while the compactness keeps cutting down and urban built-up area increases year by year, suggesting that the urban expansion was unstable. Secondly, when suffering from mega events, the urban spatial morphology will be prone to abrupt changes, and as time goes by, the spatial morphology will be integrated again. The third, at the first decade since Chongqing became a municipality in 1997, the resettlement project offered a good opportunity for the sudden change of urban morphology. After 2017, the key mode of urban expansion in research area is in one or two directions, which has formed the development trend of “one center, two auxiliary” under the core drive of economic development. And the forth, in the planning of future urban development, it should adhere to sustainable development, rationally planning land use, optimizing the industrial structure, strengthening environmental protection, and avoiding the passive situation of “developing with pollution”. Meanwhile, combined with the transportation advantages, the hinterlands should be established all around center town as the foundation for future expansion of constructing sub-central city, aiming at forming the city morphology along the developing center in terms of “one core, multiple wings”.

Select DYNAMIC EFFICIENCY AND UNCONDITIONAL β CONVERGENCE OF WATER RESOURCES UTILIZATION ON THE YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC BELT:#br# BASED ON THREE-STAGE DEA-MALMQUIST INDEX METHOD

LU Xi1,2,XU Chang-xin1

2017, (09): 1351. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709007

Abstract ( 140 )

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In this paper, the three-stage DEA-Malmquist index method is applied to analyze the water resources total factor productivity and its resolution indexes of the eleven provinces (municipalities) on the Yangtze River Economic Belt between 2009 and 2014. Eliminating the external environmental and random error factors, the results show that great changes have happened to the water resources’ total factor productivity and the resolution efficiency. Regional water resources’ total factor productivity, technological progress index and technical efficiency yearly index raised about 72%, 47%, and 24%, respectively. The technological improvement is the main reason for the increase of the water resources total factor productivity on Belt. The western region water resources’ total factor productivity and technical efficiency had the highest annual average growth rate, whereas the eastern region held the highest average annual growth rate in technology. The water resources total factor productivity of the Economic Belt exhibited a significant absolute β convergence, indicating the provincial gaps of the water resources total factor productivity was becoming small, and eventually reach to similar steady levels.

Select A GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION KRIGING APPROACH FOR TRMM-RAIN GAUGE DATA MERGING AND ITS APPLICATION IN HYDROLOGICAL FORECASTING

LI Yun-long, XIONG Li-hua, YAN Lei

2017, (09): 1359. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709008

Abstract ( 357 )

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Geographically weighted regression kriging (GWRK) is one type of precipitation data processing method which is developed from the geographically weighted regression (GWR). GWRK could consider both variables’ spatial autocorrelation and regression’s spatial non-stationary. This study is a case research that compares how the efficiencies of GWRK and GWR work on the Ganjiang River basin precipitation dataset, and the comparison is carried out via three below steps. Firstly, the basin Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation data was validated. Secondly, the GWRK and GWR methods were applied to create the “station-TRMM” merging precipitation model separately. At last, the merging precipitation data was used to drive the GR4J hydrological model to perform hydrological projection. The comparison showed that GWRK method could obviously improve the precipitation merging data accuracy at station scale. The improvement of hydrological projection’s accuracy, however, was not as high as that of station precipitation data, that is mostly due to the hydrological model inputting data are homogenized large-scale precipitation data, which are quite different to “point-to-point” precipitation dataset.

Select ESTIMATION OF GROWTH AND POPULATION PARAMETERS OF Pseudobrama simoni (BLEEKER) AT JINGJIANG SECTION OF THE YANGTZE RIVER

GUO Hong-yi1, WEI Kai2, TANG Wen-qiao1, ZHANG Xu-guang1, ZHOU Tian-shu1, LIU Dong1 LI Hui-hua1, SHEN Lin-hong3

2017, (09): 1369. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709009

Abstract ( 575 )

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A total of 2 334 samples of Pseudobrama simoni (Bleeker) were collected at the Jingjiang section of the Yangtze River between January 2012 and December 2013. Those fish samples length data were measured, and the ELEFAN I technique was used to estimate growth and population dynamics parameters. The relationship between the fish body length (cm) and body weight (g) can well fit by the power function, W=00182×L2984. Growth of this species could be described through a von Bertalanffy mode, and the estimated parameters were: asymptotic length (L∞=1925cm), growth constant (K=02 year) and age at length 0 (t0= -159 year). Fish growth turning point for body mass growth curve of the stock was calculated as ti =355 year-1. Natural mortality coefficient (M) was estimated by Pauly’s empirical equation and could account for 0556 year-1. Length-converted catch curves were applied to estimate the total mortality coefficient (Z), which was found as 1638 year-1. Consequently, the fishing mortality coefficient (F) was calculated as 1082 year-1, and the current exploitation rate (E) was 066 year-1. Between 2012 and 2013, the average stock of Pseudobrama simoni at the Jingjiang section of the Yangtze River was estimated 12059 tons, with a number of 9 474 000 individuals. The results in this study showed that Pseudobrama simoni in the Jingjiang section has been over-exploited. In order to effectively protect P. simoni population along the coastal water, properly longer fishing ban period (from April to September) might be required in those coastal sections.

Select EMERGY ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF NONFERROUS METALS IN JIANGXI PROVINCE UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF ECOLOGICAL CIVILIZATION CONSTRUCTION

JIA Shu-xian1，HUANG Jian-bai1,2，ZHONG Mei-rui1,2

2017, (09): 1378. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709010

Abstract ( 197 )

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The development of nonferrous metals not only promotes economic growth, but also brings many environmental problems, and the evaluation how minerals developing effect on ecological systems has been research hotspots recently. The emergy analysis is able to evaluate the real value of energies in different classes and levels. In this study, emergy analysis is applied to evaluate how the nonferrous metals development effect on the ecological environment in Jiangxi Province, China. The total amount of emergy, the system’s input and output, and the ecological values between 2009 and 2013 were calculated separately, and the changing trend of emergy efficiency and ecological efficiency index were analyzed, thus the ecological compensation standards can be set up due to above emergy analysis. The results showed the self-sufficient emergy of the Jiangxi’s nonferrous metal developments was about 0.65 during the studied period (2009-2013), the energy investment ratios fell into a low level and varied between 0.23-0.31, the net energy yield ratio exhibited rising up earlier but falling later. The Environmental loading abilities of the province are high and the lowest loading ratio was 138.01, but the sustainable development indicators were very low, which only accounted between 0.02 and 0.03, and the ecological compensation index fluctuated slightly between 62%-69%. All those results revealed that Jiangxi Province’s nonferrous metal mineral exploitation relied heavily on local non-renewable resources. Although the production efficiency was little high, the current producing and utilizing activities have exceeded the environment’s tolerance range and the whole system’s development could not be sustainable. To improve the environmental qualities, the ecological compensation between 2009 and 2013 should be assigned with 1.45×109, 1.49×109, 2.06×109, 2.59×109 and 1.82×109 Chinese Yuan, respectively.

Select RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ROAD CENTRALITY AND LANDSCAPE IN HUBEI PROVINCE

YIN Chao-hui1, QIE Yu3，LIU Yan-fang1, 2, ZHANG Xiang-hui 1

2017, (09): 1388. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709011

Abstract ( 310 )

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of Resource and Environment Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;2. Key Laboratory of Geographic Information System, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China；3.Urban Plauning and Internatoonal Cooperation,Grenoble Urban Planuing Institate France)
Abstract：A thorough understanding of the relationship between road network and land use will help to develop sustainable land use and road network planning. This paper introduced the multiple centrality assessment model of closeness, betweenness and straightness, by using the UNA to measure the road network centrality in Hubei province, then we selected four landscape metrics including the percentage of landscape, Shannon diversity index, mean patch size, and the mean shape index to quantify the landscape pattern. Spearman rank correlation was employed to explore the relationship between road network and the land use. The results showed that: (1) there were different spatial patterns of centrality in Hubei province, higher value of centrality always emerges in the east while the lower value always in the west. The closeness showed ribbon distribution and the betweenness displays porously, however, the straightness presented a patchy pattern; (2) at landscape level, the landscape fragmentation and diversification were mostly sensitive to the straightness, but relatively complex with the closeness and betweenness; (3) at class level, the relationship between road centrality and the landscape patterns of various land-use types differ greatly. Specifically, the area with centrality advantages showed strong rejection and fragmentation effect to forest land-use while turns out to be strong attraction and agglomeration phenomenon to construction land-use. These findings provide a new perspective to the regional spatial form and its composition and its related factors through discussing the relationship between road network centrality and land use pattern.

Select STUDY ON THE GEOINFO SPECTRUM OF TEMPERATURE CHANGE #br# RESPONDING TO URBANIZATION DEVELOPMENT IN THE THREE#br# GORGES RESERVOIR AREA (CHONGQING SECTION) IN RECENT 30 YEARS

WANG Yang, WANG Lili，QI Pengwei，GAO Xin，MIN Jie

2017, (09): 1397. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709012

Abstract ( 271 )

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Urbanization development is the main contributing factor to regional climate change. Based on the Landsat TM image data, multiperiod land use status data, urbanization rate, DEM data and meteorological spatiotemporal data, this paper firstly constructs the urban development index and the temperature change index, then visualizes this two indexes of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (Chongqing section) by Geoinfo Spectrum method, finally establishes the temperature change model responding to the urbanization development by the simple linear regression model. The research results show that: (1) Urban Constructive Land of study Area has increased 3.83 times, the annual growth rate of urbanization development index is 4.56%, and the spatial pattern is southwest high and northeast low;（2）The temperature change index increased rapidly in the late 1990s, and it remained a high index state from 2005 to 2014,but water storage in the reservoir area has little effect on the temperature change index; (3) From the view of the Geoinfo Spectrum of temperature response sequence and pattern corresponding to urbanization development, two indexes show a strong positive correlation and have a better goodness of fit. The t probability value (P value) in most districts and counties reaches a significant level of 0.05. Furthermore, the change of the material environment of underlying surface and the increase of human activities in the reservoir area directly influence the longterm changes of the regional temperature.

Select SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIATION OF RAINFALL AND RAINFALL#br# EROSIVITY IN SOUTHERN CHINA IN RECENT 60 YEARS

HE Shaolang, GUO Xiaojun, LI Fengying, LI Na, HE Xiaowu

2017, (09): 1406. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709013

Abstract ( 227 )

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Daily rainfall data from 41 meteorological stations in nine provinces of southern China from 1956 to 2015 were selected for analyzing the change of rainfall and rainfall erosivity. The results showed that the trend of annual rainfall increased while the number of annual wet days decreased, and erosive rainfall was the main pattern in the area. The frequency of severe rainfall events has increased in recent 60 years. Generally, high level annual rainfall erosivity existed in the southern part of the area, while low level annual rainfall erosivity existed in the northern area. The average of annual rainfall erosivity was 9 919.93 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a), with the range from 3 477.30 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a) to 24 878.65 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a). The rainfall erosivity in the summer was more than those in other three seasons. The trend of annual rainfall erosivity increased in Hainan Province, Zhejiang Province and Jiangxi Province, but decreased in eastern Guangdong Province, western Guangxi Province and western Hubei Province. An increase in probability of severe soil erosion was inferred in the future.

Select CHARACTERISTICS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS #br# REDUCTION IN THE INLET RIVERS AROUND WEST LAKE TAIHU

GUO Jiaxun1,2, ZHAO Gengmao1, GUO Xiya2, ZHANG Haitao2, DENG Jiancai2

2017, (09): 1417. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709014

Abstract ( 354 )

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Reducing rivers nitrogen and phosphorus is an important method that can control the lakes nitrogen and phosphorus pollution. In order to explore the spatial and temporal variations of rivers nitrogen and phosphorus reduction rates around the Lake Taihu, total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) absolute reduction rates(Ra) and relative reduction rates(Rr) were measured through selfdeveloped insitu devices in the inlet rivers around west Lake Taihu in four seasons between 2014 and 2016. The TNRa of northwest and west rivers in summer or autumn were higher than those in spring or winter, and theTNRa of south rivers in autumn or winter were higher than those in spring or summer. In the summer the TNRa and TPRa of northwest and west rivers were significantly higher than that southwest rivers, and the rates of south rivers in winter were significantly higher than others (P<0.05). The rivers spatiotemporal TNRa differences were affected by particalate total nitrogen (PTN) and the seasonal water temperatures. The seasonal TPRa difference of was caused by seasonal difference of TP concentrations. The main reasons that affect season TPRa were various. The spring main factors were water physical properties such as pH, and the summer factor were TP and suspended solids; whereas the main autumn and winter factors were only suspended solids and TP, respectively. Those Lake Taihu rivers TNRr and TPRr were affected by TNRa and TPRa and its initial TN and TP concentration.

Select SPATIOTEMPORAL PATTERNS AND INFLUENCING #br# FACTORS OF CARBON EMISSIONS IN ZHEJIANG PROVINCE

YAN Zhihan，REN Liyan,LIU Yongqiang, SONG Junxing

2017, (09): 1427. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709015

Abstract ( 261 )

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Analysis of carbon emission based on small scale is necessary for making different policy for different city. Socioeconomic data and energy consumption data of each city in ZheJiang province are used to calculate the total carbon emission, carbon emission per capita and carbon emission per unit land area from 2005 to 2010. Spatial autocorrelation analysis is used to reveal the spatial correlation of carbon emission index between neighbor cities. Geographically weighted regression model is applied to describe the spatial heterogeneity of the influencing factor of total carbon emission among the cities. Results showed that: (1) Total carbon emission of Zhejiang province increased from 304.86 million tons to 495.59 million tons during 2005-2010. Carbon emission per capita and carbon emission per unit land area both had rising trend and obvious spatial difference. (2) Each carbon emission index (total carbon emission, carbon emission per capita and carbon emission per unit land area) was highly spatial correlated. Highhigh agglomeration appeared at the north and the east areas, and Lowlow agglomeration appeared at the south and the west areas. (3) Population and investment were important driving forces of total carbon emission and both showed spatial heterogeneity in Zhejiang province. Investment played an increasingly important role in the growth of carbon emission in the south and the west areas.

Select CHARACTERISTICS OF DISTRIBUTION, TRANSFER AND SUBTRACTION OF #br# NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS CONTAMINANTS IN POYANG LAKE

TANG Guohua1,2， LIN Yuru3， HU Zhenpeng1，WANG Shigang4

2017, (09): 1436. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709016

Abstract ( 203 )

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Based on monitoring and investigation of the inlake pollution loads and simultaneous monitoring of flow field & water quality under different hydrological conditions, the characteristics on distribution, transfer and reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus in Poyang Lake are studied using mathematical statistics. The results show that: (1) the TP and TN are the main pollutants which affect the water quality in Poyang Lake, and there is a close positive correlation between the pollution load and the inlake flow. (2) the TP and TN contaminants are not mix well in the lake, due to that the water exchange cycle is short. Nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants gradually transfer and diffuse to the downstream with the flow. (3) the water environment under lake state is better than that under the river state. The TP and TP generally do not simultaneously exceed the water quality standard in large area under the lakes state. (4) The water environment in Poyang Lake barely maintains the class Ⅲ standard. However, human activities have great potential to deteriorate the water environment. Finally, the countermeasures to protect the water environment quality in Poyang Lake are proposed based on the above conclusions.

Select APPLICATION OF SYNTHETIC MODEL OF WEIGHTS OF #br# EVIDENCE AND CERTAINTY FACTOR TO STUDY OF #br# SNAILENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR SPATIAL RELATIONS

MA Yukuan1,2, ZHAO An1,2，YAO Zhong3

2017, (09): 1446. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709017

Abstract ( 159 )

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Oncomelania snails are important intermediate hosts of schistosome. The study of “snailenvironment” relations has important scientific and social value for the snails’ investigation and elimination. This study was a case research performed at Chayegang marshland near Henghu farm (Xinjian County) in the Poyang Lake basin. An incorporating model of weights of evidence and certainty factor was used to explore if the snail’s occurrences were affected by seven factors, which including three types of plant (Carex cinerascens, Miscanthus sacchariflorus, and Artemisia selengensis) coverage, soil temperature, soil humidity, soil electrical conductivity, sampling sites elevation, etc. The results showed the increasing site elevation might benefit the snails producing, and snails were very few if the soil humidity was larger than 0.35% (m3/m3), or the Carex cinerascens productions too large (>4 368 cm3/m2) or too small (<1 457 cm3/m2), or the soil electrical conductivity larger than 0.07 ms/cm. However, the snails preferred the circumstances if the Miscanthus sacchariflorus productions were larger than 2 745 cm3/m2, or the soil temperature varied between 16°C and 20°C. The model projection results showed that 87% snails mostly distributed in the 13% studied area that snails preferred. The model projected Area Under Curve (AUC) could cover 88.7% of the snail's real distribution areas, which indicated the model’s high prediction abilities, and the model can be applied to the studies of regional Oncomelania snails distribution and the environmental factors.

Select RUNOFF’S EVOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND FUTURE TRENDS #br# IN THE THREE OUTLETS ALONG SOUTHERN JINGJIANG#br# RIVER OF MIDDLE REACHES OF CHANGJIANG

LI Jingbao1,WU Wenjia2，XU Zhi1，YU Dandan1

2017, (09): 1456. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709018

Abstract ( 179 )

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Upon the 1951-2015 observation runoff data of the five stations in the Southern Jingjiang River section (of the Yangtze River), the present study analyze the section historical runoff evolved characteristics through the methods of MarkKendall Test, Cumulative Anomaly, and Complex Morlet Wavelet Transform, respectively; this study also forecast the future period (2016-2030) runoff changing scenario with the ARIMA model and Time series model. The results show that: (1) Historical annual runoff of this section changed greatly with large discrete degrees, and exhibited significantly seasonal variations, the dry season covered between each November and next April, but the wet season distributed unevenly in other 6 months; (2) This section historical runoff presented a general declining trend over the past 65 years. The largest runoff declining period was 1959-1980 and the trend magnitudes absolute value p was 698.313. The MarkKendall test showed there were no obvious runoff changes in the period of 2003-2015, but the trend magnitudes absolute value p also reached 166.524; (3) The MarkKendall test and the Cumulative Anomaly results showed the sudden change year of this section runoff was 1970 and 1985, respectively; (4) Over the past 65 years, the river section runoff presented three main changing periods, 48-58 a, 20-28 a, and 10-18 a, respectively; the wavelet variance showed the order of three main changing periods was 55 a (first), 24 a (second), and 12 a (third), respectively; (5)This section forecasted future (2016-2030) runoff will be decreased earlier and increased later relative to current conditions, which mean 2019-2026 may be dry period, and 2026-2030 may be wet period, respectively.

Select EVOLUTION OF URBAN HEAT ISLAND EFFECT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP #br# WITH LAND USE CHANGE IN WUHAN CITY IN RECENT 10 YEARS

LIU Hang, SHEN Ge, HUANG Qing

2017, (09): 1466. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709019

Abstract ( 297 )

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With the speeding up of urbanization, urban population is increasing constantly since the rural people get more chances to work in urban area. There was a huge change of urban structure and topoclimate, so the study on the urban heat island effect has become one of the hottest fields globally. This study focus on Wuhan city as an example, by integrating five time phase Landsat image data from 2004 to2015, using RS and GIS technologies and the monowindow algorithm with inverting calculation, generating land surface temperature (LST) data and the urban heat island intensity data in recent 10 years, and analyzed the characteristics of the spatiotemporal variation of urban heat island effect in Wuhan city in 11 main districts and the relationship between heat island intensity and the change of landuse type. The results indicated that: (1) the urban heat island intensity decreased continually in the old town, but increased all the time in the new town of Wuhan city after 2007, and the urban heat island area differential between the old and new town was getting smaller, with only 20.74 km2 gaps in 2015. (2) The urban heat island area of Dong Xihu district, Cai Dian district, Jiang Xia district and Hong Shan district increased more dramatically than other jurisdictions in Wuhan city in recent years. The interannual variability of the heat island area in Jiang Xia district was the largest and the peak value was 95.42 km2. (3) The results of fitting relationship between heat island area and landuse type area in Wuhan city from 2004 to 2015 showed that the R2 value between the urban heat island and building land arrived the maximum 0.681 2. The increase of the building land area was an important factor for the heat island area rise in Wuhan city.

Select QUANTIFYING THE SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIATION OF FLOW AND ITS#br# ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS IN THE MIDDLESECTION OF HANJIANG#br# RIVER FOLLOWING THE DANJIANGKOU RESERVOIR IMPOUNDMENT

BAI Muchen1,2, BAN Xuan3, DIPLAS Panayiotis4, XIAO Fei3

2017, (09): 1488. doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201709020

Abstract ( 199 )

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The Range of Variability Approach is used to quantitatively estimate the temporal and spatial variation of the hydrologic regime in the middlesection of the Hanjiang River after the impoundment of the Danjiangkou Reservoir. The results show the highest Indicators of Hydrology Alteration (IHA) in different stations and IHA groups, as well as the corresponding ecological impacts. It is demonstrated that the degree of discharge alteration in the lower reaches of Hanjiang River is rather moderate (range from 47% to 63%)， the degree of water surface elevation alteration is rather high， XiangYang and HuangZhuang have highest alteration of water surface elevation (proportion is 53% and 75%). More specifically， the water surface elevation decreased significantly at all stations (decreased 1～2 m). The frequency and duration of high/low flow pulses in Huangjiagang station of decreased (IHA is -0.49/-0.62 and -0.87/-0.74). The monthly mean and extreme values of discharge and water surface elevation at Huangzhuang and Xiangyang stations decreased, the frequency of discharge reversal magnitude increased (IHA is 1.82 in high RVA range). The occurrence of those Indicators that captured the effects of IHA on the four major Chinese carps was less frequent during the postdam construction period compared to that before the impoundment. The discharge and water surface elevation of the lower reaches decreased during the dry season, thus increasing the possibility of water bloom occurrence.
Key words：Danjiangkou reservoir impoundment; range of variability approach; indicators of hydrology alteration; temporal and spatial variation; ecological impacts

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