Air pollution caused by fog and haze is one of the key issues concerning  people’s livelihood and environment, which has plagued China’s economic development. In this research, the spatial pattern and influence factors of smog on air pollution in the Yangtze River Delta from 2015 to 2017 was empirically analyzed based on the improved output density model, statistical and spatial econometric models. The study found that: (1) Smog pollution possessed the characteristic of seasonal variation  in the Yangtze River Delta and the situation of air quality in the cities of this region has gradually improved. (2) Smog pollution had the characteristics of significant local agglomeration and spatial heterogeneity. Hangzhou, Ningbo, and Taizhou presented the feature of low-level agglomeration, and Chuzhou, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang and Taizhou were high-level agglomeration. The polluted area has been concentrated at the provincial boundary, and the level of contamination has been  gradually decreased from northwest to southeast. There was a significant intercity spatial positive correlation and spatial spillover effect of smog pollution, and the smog pollution in the surrounding areas has had a negative impact on this region. (3) The population concentration, R&D investment, industrial structure, industrial smoke and dust emissions and urban construction in the Yangtze River Delta have had positive impacts on smog pollution, while the factors such as the opening-up, energy consumption and precipitation have had a negative impact on smog pollution. There was no Kuznets curve relationship between smog pollution and economic growth. By optimizing the spatial distribution and combination of production factors, and sharing pollution control infrastructure, etc., economic agglomeration could have  an inhibitory effect on smog pollution.

In winter, indoor temperature is kept by district heating in northern China, while human feels cold indoors in southern parts of the non-district heating areas. The demand for heating is increasing as time goes on. To resolve the inconsistency between the existing air temperature-based heating zone and actual human heating feeling demand, this paper analyzed the spatial distribution of apparent temperature and redefined the kilometer-scale heating demand zone of China with ten-day winter climate dataset of 740 meteorology stations from 1971 to 2010, combining an apparent temperature model involved air temperature and air humidity. The result shows that the high heating demand region, including Highest and High heating demand, is larger than the existing heating region. And the extended high heating demand region is mainly located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Compared to existing heating zoning, which only considers air temperature, the new heating demand zoning result takes air humidity into account and reflects the human intuitive feelings of indoor cold and heat. This research may provide a scientific view for policy making of winter heating in various regions of China.

Based on the background of a low-carbon socity and the premise of carbon reduction targets, This article established a provincial horizontal carbon ecological compensation model by constructing the theory framework of ecological compensation, which was set up with the compensation mode, the measurement criteria, the price and a compensation coefficient. Empirical quantitative results for each province showed that: (1)In 2015, the carbon emissions of all provinces (excluding Yunnan Province) in the study area were greater than carbon sinks, and the total net carbon emissions amounted to 2 746 million tons; (2)The spatial distribution of carbon emissions showed a decreasing trend from east to west, and carbon sinks were the main reason for the spatial distribution differences between the carbon intensity of the land and the construction land in all provinces; (3) Carbon emissions of 14 provinces in the region exceeded the ecological compensation threshold by 26.353 million tons, and these provinces needed to pay 16.3 billion yuan at the optimal compensation level.In the meanwhile, 16 provinces had not reached the ecological compensation threshold and could receive compensation of 9.111 billion yuan; (4)Affected by factors such as the level of economic development, the capacity of ecological resources and the targets of carbon emission intensity, the ecological compensation results were spatially homogenous with the economic development, showing an overall distribution of “Eastern pays West”. In the end, the article proposed suggestions on the establishment of provincial horizontal carbon ecological compensation system from the perspectives of building a ecological compensation mode dominated by the central government, setting up carbon revenue and expenditure accounts and improving diversified compensation methods, so as to provide reference for the government to formulate relevant policies.

Urban sprawl squeezes the natural environment space on scale, and structurally increases the degree of habitat fragmentation. In addition, it has a negative impact on the cities’ ecological neighborhood, which should be taken into consideration when measuring the change of ecological service value caused by urban sprawl. This paper took Nanchang city as the study area and measured the change of ecological service value. On this basis, we probed into the interference effect of different types of construction land, and estimated the ecological service value enhanced by introducing the differentiate interference effect. Thus we compared the change of ecological service value from 1995 to 2005 with that from 2005 to 2015, and then made an in-depth analysis of differences before and after method improvement. The results showed that, the interference intensity of urban sprawl patches in Nanchang was relatively high in general. The interference effect of urban sprawl between 2005 and 2015 was obviously higher than that between 1995 and 2005, which indicated that the ecological cost of urban sprawl was increasing. Second, the spatial distribution of interference effect had significant difference. To be specific, the urban expansion patches surrounded by more cropland, woodland and waters presented higher interference effect. Third, the change of ecological service value estimated by improved method was larger than that without improvement. For the urban sprawl patches with different composition of neighborhood or different types of source, significant difference was observed in the change of ecological service value. We believe that the method and its application in the study area can aid in measuring the change of ecological service value caused by urban sprawl, and thereby provide technological support for estimation of ecological cost in the course of urban expansion.

The spatiotemporal distribution of blue and green water resources in Xi River Basin from 1977 to 2015 are simulated using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model and the SUFI-2 algorithm. The results show that (1) The average water resources in Xi River Basin are 953.24 mm, of which the blue water resources are 290.9 mm and green water resource are 662.33 mm. Water resources of Xi River Basin are mainly green water. (2) Blue water resources in Xi River Basin change greatly in typical years. Which are 86mm, 277mm and 656mm in dry years, normal year and wet years respectively. There are also differences in green water coefficient in typical years, which are 87.12%, 69.78% and 49.31% respectively. (3)Blue water resources in Xi River Basin shows a trend of decrease from east to west. While green water resources shows a trend of decrease from the edge to the center. The green water storage shows a trend of decrease from east to west, especially in dry years.

This paper utilize Malmquist-Luenberger production index to estimate the environmental total factor productivity of cities in Central China from 2003 to 2015 which involving environmental pollutants as undesirable outputs into the production process. Besides, it decomposes ML index as technology change and efficiency change and uses kernel density to estimates the dynamic distribution of ML. Our empirical study shows that the environmental total factor productivity and technological progress index of the central cities are increasing at an annual rate of 1.39% and 1.85% respectively, and the technical efficiency index is reduced at an annual rate of 0.02%. The growth of the urban environmental total factor productivity in the central region of China is mainly driven by the technological progress, and the technical efficiency has a backward trace. The gaps of ML, TC and EC between cities in the central region of China have been narrowed and there is a clear technological “catching up effect” between the central cities.

In order to study the early stage fish resources, surveys were carried out at Huangshi section in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in between 2015 and 2016. There were 34 fish species belonging to 9 families and 6 orders. The most abundant of eggs and larvae were Hemiculter bleekeri (85.7% of the total numbers), Parabramis pekinensis (10.9%) and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (0.8%). The amount of the larvae of different species displayed different temporal dynamics. Hemiculter bleekeri and Parabramis pekinensis dominated during the whole investigation. The proportion of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix increased after May. The amount of Pseudolaubuca sinensis and Rhinogobius sp reached a peak in May and June. An estimated 165.5 billion larvae and 0.67 billion eggs drifted through the Huangshi section in 2015, while 162.0 billion larvae and 1.90 billion eggs were observed in 2016. It indicated that Huangshi section was an important distribution area for early stage  fish resources and there was no obvious decline phenomenon for its resources. More attention should be paid to protecting the early  stage fish resources of Huangshi section.

Park green space is an important part of urban public service facilities, whose spatial distribution is closely related to the life of urban residents. According to the status of the layout, this paper takes 2020 as the optimal time node and takes into account both the efficiency and the equilibrium of layout. First, this paper takes the minimization of residents travel cost as the efficiency goal, and constructs the location optimization model to locate the newly added park green spaces. Then we take the minimization of accessibility difference coefficient as the equilibrium goal, and construct the area optimization model to determine the appropriate scale of park green spaces. The two models have jointly realized the layout optimization of the park green spaces. The conclusions of this study show that: (1) Under the present conditions, the layout of the park green spaces cannot meet the basic recreation needs of the residents, and the spatial efficiency and equilibrium are quite low.(2) To achieve the goal of the optimization, we need to add 28 urban park green spaces（1 100 hectares）and 34 regional park green spaces（868.01 hectares）.(3)The location model can significantly reduce travel cost of the residents to park green spaces, and the per capita travel cost can be reduced from 1 311.24 to 915.93 m. (4) The location and area optimization model can significantly improve the equilibrium of park green spaces’ layout,  making it balanced with the population of residents.The accessibility difference coefficient of the residents in different regions to the park green spaces has been reduced from 0.71 to 0.54.

In order to research the coordination relationship between water resources environment and economic development based on the improved water ecological footprint model, we calculated the water ecological footprint and water quality ecological footprint of the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration from 2001 to 2016. Continuing further, we constructed the decoupling evaluation model and coordination degree model from the macro and micro levels.Based on the Research on regional economic development and water environment relationship, the research showed that: (1) the overall water ecological footprint of the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration showed an increasing trend of fluctuation, and the agricultural water footprint had the largest proportion of the water ecological footprint, exceeding 50%. (2) The ratio of groundwater quality ecological footprint to surface water quality ecological footprint was about 4∶3. The largest pollutant in the surface water quality ecological footprint from 2001 to 2010 was nitrate nitrogen. Phosphorus was the most important pollutant in 2011-2016. The law that governs to the ecological footprint of groundwater was more complicated and determined by the rotation of multiple pollutants. (3) In the relationship between water resources environment and economic development of the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration, most of the years before 2010 were in the stage of weak decoupling and primary coordination. After 2010, the number of strong decoupling years increased significantly, and coordination improved, which was intermediate coordination. From 2001 to 2016, the coordination relationship between water resources environment and economic development was transformed from the uncoordinated weak decoupling and the intermediate coordination of the primary coordination to the strong decoupling indicating that the economic development of the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration and the coordination of water resources environment was gradually increasing. (4) The coordination of water resources environment and economic development among cities within the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration showed a trend which had been steadily increasing from year to year, and there was a high similarity in space. The performance of the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration in coordination was better than its performance on the decoupling index.

The risk assessment and regionalization of torrential flood disasters are the important basis for the management and decision-making, which could provide effectively guidance for the prevention and control of torrential flood disasters. According to investigation and evaluation project of torrential flood disasters from 2013 to 2015, the risk assessment indexes were established in consideration of rainfall conditions, underlying surface, population conditions, economic property and other multiple parameters and corrected by disaster resilience. With the weight of each indexes determining by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the hazard, vulnerability, risk distributions map of torrential flood disasters in Chongqing were overlaid by the means of ArcGIS. Through the multiple target layer composite overlay and non-supervised cluster analysis, the risk distributions map was divided into five categories: micro risk, low risk, medium risk, medium to high risk, and high risk with the area ratios 14.97%, 25.19%, 24.41%, 22.2% and 13.23%, respectively. Accordingly, the torrential flood disasters in Chongqing was divided into six areas: the medium to high risk zonation in the northeastern high altitude mountainous regions (1.42 km²), the low to medium risk zonation in the northeastern medium altitude mountainous regions (1.12 km²), the high risk zonation in the southeastern medium altitude mountainous regions (1.69 km²), the low risk zonation in the central low altitude mountainous regions (2.07 km²), the micro to low risk zonation in the central low hill regions (0.59 km²) and the medium to high risk zonation in the west hill-flatland regions (1.34 km²), which objectively reflected the regional differences of the torrential flood disasters characteristics, distribution, proneness, and urgency.

The hilly area of central Sichuan is an important ecological barrier in the upstream of the Yangtze River and is also a key implementation area of two improtant projects, namely “Returning Farmland to Forests and Grassland projects ” and “ Natural Forest Protection Project ”.However，recent years there was a great change in vegetation cover and ecology in this area, which is regarded as a consequence of climate change and human activities. Based on the multi-temporal MODIS NDVI data， Meteorological data，Land cover map and other statistical data of the study area, and using maximum value composite (MVC), linear regression and correlation coefficient, this paper aimed to analyze the dynamic changes of vegetation between 2005 and 2015 after introducing the national ecological engineering project, and to identify the impacts of climate change and human activities on the vegetation. The results showed that the vegetation cover in the hilly areas of central Sichuan has been improved, with a rate of 5.84/10 a (P<0.01). NDVI increased siginificantly for 31.58% vegetation area and this change was found in the middle reaches of the Jialing River and in the middle and lower reaches of the Minjiang River; by contrast, NDVI decline for few areas (2.90%), which occurred mainly in the city center and surrounding areas. Vegetation in study area was more sensitive to precipitation compareing its sensitivity to temperature. NDVI showd a siginificant correlation with precipitation for 22.08% of the total study area, while NDVI siginificantly correlation to temperature for 7.69% of the total study area. NDVI of forest, shrub and grassland increased significantly by 60%, while the type of land-use where vegetation NDVI degraded was mainly construction land. The implementation of the“Returning Farmland to Forests and Grassland” and “Natural Forest Protection Project” has played a positive role in improvement of vegetation cover in the hilly area of central Sichuan.

Pollination service is one of the most important ecosystem service for preserving wild plant communities and support agricultural production. Growing demand for food and corresponding intensification of agricultural production has widely been recognized a major threat to pollination services provided by insects. Since two-thirds of the world’s major food crops are pollinator-dependent. The decreasing of pollination service will lead big threads of food security. However, the correlations between ecosystem pollination services and land intensification should be verified in all over the world, especially in big agriculture country such as China. In this study, we investigate correlations between ecosystem pollination services and land intensification in village scale. We selected a village in the Poyang Lake region in Eastern China to analysis land use change impacts on pollination services for the period of three years (2000-2013). We used high-accuracy land use data, pollinating bees’ biophysical data, districts’ social economy and the data from field investigation. For the impact analysis, we employed the “Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs - InVEST” model, a GIS-based tool, in combination with regression analysis to quantify the relationship between pollination service and land use intensities. Result showed that (i) the case study village received an average pollination service abundance rate of 0.127 and 0.108 respectively while the average pollination service abundance decreasedby15.5% during 2000-2013, (ii) farm land at the village level was reduced by 13.5% whereas farm investments for pesticides, chemical fertilizers and labor forces doubled during the same time of period, and (iii) regression coefficient analysis shows a negative correlation between land intensification and pollination service abundance of -0.164. That also means the there is as trade-off correlations between pollination services and intensification of agricultural production. Based on our results, we conclude that the land conservation does not offset the big negative effect on pollination services. Instead the substantially increase of land intensification due to pesticide applications has negatively affected the bee pollination effects in the case study village.

It is great significance to identify the general rules of land use change in typical topography unit of karst valley area and the differences and couple effect of the land use change between hillside and trough dam driven by various influenced factors. This study based on the high-resolution images from 2005 year、2010 year、 2014 year and 2017 year were used as the data source and combined with field survey to verify the image, by calculating the land use dynamic degree index reveals that the spatial distribution of land use change similarity characteristics and differences、land use amplitude、land use dynamic degree in karst hillside-trough dam area. The conclusion shows that: (1)Over time, the hillside and trough dam land use amplitude and land use dynamic degree are 2014-2017 years>2010-2014 years>2005-2010 years and the western > the eastern > the middle trough valley and also land use dynamic degree in the trough dam is faster and more stable than the hillside.(2)The similarity characteristics of land use spatial distribution in the karst trough valley area is that the urban land, the residential land and the paddy field are mainly distributed in the trough dam, and shrubland, woodland, grassland, dry land are mainly distributed on the hillside.The western、the middle、the eastern trough valley in karst area are showing individual differences and land use is limited due to the difference of the hillside-trough dam natural environment and the influence of social economy.

In order to study the influence of internal structure in culvert fish-way on hydraulic characteristics and fish passage performance, a culvert evaluation software named Fish Xing was applied to predict and evaluate the existing passage barriers of the culvert crossing the Nanchang high way, an optimized hydraulic solution was presented as well, which was aimed at the results of barrier evaluation for internal structure in culvert. The data of flow field monitored in the retrofitted culvert fish-way confirms that the watervelocity in each pool increases by about 30% compared to that of the smooth culvert with no baffle system, while the water level difference between adjacent pool declines after the construction of high-and-low weir baffle system. According to the results of fish passage efficiency using RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology under different flow discharges, it can be seen that the rate of successful passage for grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon) significantly exceeds that of native crucian carp (Carassius auratus) and carp (Cyprinus carpio), the corresponding rates are 50%, 26.41% and 7.6% respectively. As the water flow rate in culvert increases from 0.378 m³/s to 0.429 m³/s, both the average time and shortest time for grass carp to pass through the upstream entrance of culvert decline to a certain extent, while the average time consumed by native carp in passing through the whole culvert extends by 35.15%, and the rates of retracing back increase slightly for both grass carp and crucian carp.

Rainfall intensity under different return periods has important scientific and practical significance for urban flood control and disaster mitigation. In this research, using the data of 535 daily rainfall stations in China for 1961-2016 years, using the threshold value of 90%, 95% and 99% quantiles of daily rainfall amounts, the spatial differentiation characteristics of rainfall intensity and the change mode of strong rainfall in different return periods of different POT are compared and analyzed. The results showed that: Firstly, the three thresholds of rainfall amounts above were characterized by spatial differentiation from east to west. Compared with the absolute threshold, the 95% and 99% quantile thresholds of daily rainfall amounts are relatively reasonable for heavy rainfall and storm rainfall. Secondly, the different return period of rainfall intensity in China under three kinds of POT was influenced by regional climate and terrain conditions, and its spatial evolution features are similar, all of which showed a tendency to expand from the east coast regions to the west and north regions, but the spatial pattern of rainfall intensity under the same return period was very different under the three POT methods. Thirdly, EOF analysis showed that the variation modes of strong rainfall in China under absolute threshold and relative threshold are consistent, the variance interpretation rate of the first three modes can reach more than 54%, and the explanatory rates of the variance of the first, second and three mode are more than 10%, reaching about 30%, 14% and 11% respectively, which all represent the different variation features of annual strong rainfall in China. It has obvious climatic and physical significance.

The spatial distribution characteristics and sources of organic carbon in sediments are a key issue in the study of salt marsh carbon cycling. The study analyzed the parameters of total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and stable carbon isotope (δ13C) in the surface sediment samples of the Chongming Dongtan salt marsh in the Yangtze River estuary. The results showed that the average TOC and TN in surface sediments in Dongtan were 7.70±3.74 g/kg and 0.74±0.32 g/kg respectively. Both showed a decreasing trend from the northern part of the salt marsh to the south of the salt marsh in content. The average value of sediment δ13C was-25.05±1.21‰. The simulation results of the three end-member mixing equations showed that the organic carbon in Dongtan sediments was mainly derived from suspended particles (43.53±22.44%) and vegetation (43.29±24.82%). The contribution rate of microalgae is lower (13.20±8.40%). The sediments in the northern part of Dongtan are characterized by high organic carbon content, in which the contribution of suspended particulate matter is high and the contribution of vegetation is low. In the middle and south, the content of organic carbon is low, the contribution of suspended particulates is low and the contribution of vegetation is high.

Riparian soils surrounding Poyang Lake were stratified collected for phosphorus adsorption kinetics study and the experiment of isothermal adsorption. The results of this experiment were then analyzed and fitted. It shows that, the concentrations of soil total phosphorus from different riparian zones varies greatly (F=7.103, p<0.01). The content of total phosphorus in riparian soil of the Gan River entrance is significantly higher than those of other riparian soils. Meanwhile, total phosphorus content of at the 0~20 cm depth (635 mg·kg^-1) is higher than that at the 20~40 cm depth (393 mg·kg^-1). Phosphorus adsorption kinetics in different riparian soils have similar trends. During 0~2 h, soils quickly adsorbed the phosphorus in the solution; during 2~24 h, the adsorption of phosphorus in soils decreased; after 24 hours, the tendency of phosphorus adsorption gradually flatted. The maximum value of equilibrium adsorption capacity (Qe) is 216.0 mg·kg-1. The isothermal adsorption fitting degree of Langmuir model for phosphorus is 0.951~0.995, which indicates that the maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) of surface soils is higher than that of the subsurface soils. Soils from the Rao River entrance have the largest amount of adsorption (629.12 mg·kg^-1), while soils from the Thornhill have the smallest amount of adsorption (340.72 mg·kg^-1). The equilibrium phosphate concentration (EPC0) of the surface soils in the riparian of Poyang Lake is less than 0.1 mg·L^-1. So the risk of phosphorus loss is small. The buffering capacity of exogenous phosphorus in the eastern riparian soils is better than that of the southwest riparian soils. Last but not least, the maximum adsorption capacity is positively correlated with TP.

Land use is a key factor in non-point source pollution. This study uses the landsat8 OLI satellite image as the base map, combined with the field investigation of the interpretation area to obtain the land use map of the Chishui River Basin, and adopts the hydrology and spatial analysis module of ArcGIS to extract 22 sub-basins, then analyzes the output characteristics of different forms of nitrogen TN, NO₃^--N and NH₄⁺-Nduring abundant and dry season in different sub-basins and their relationship with land use structure. The analysis results of each sub-basin show that the basin land use structure has a greater impact on nitrogen output than the basin area. During the abundant season, the greater the proportion of cultivated land and shrub in the basin, the greater the nitrogen output intensity; as the proportion of forest land increases, the nitrogen output decreases.

The loose materials movement caused by earthquakes and secondary geohazards endanger residents and threaten the ecological environments. In 2017, the Jiuzhaigou earthquake had produced large amounts of loose materials (colluvial materials) that were still present on the steep slopes and in the valleys. The colluvial materials had aggravated the risks of future geohazards and caused siltation in the Jiuzhaigou Reserve; strong rainfalls can eventually develop devastating debris flows. In response, this research seeked to calculate the volume of earthquake-triggered colluvial materials and analyzed their spatial distribution patterns to help to implement proper early warning systems, prevent, and mitigate geohazards and prevent siltation in future. For this purpose, the researchers applied the DInSAR technique, remote sensing, and conducted some field trips to detect the surface deformation, calculated the volume and spatial distribution patterns, and interpreted their findings. Results showed that the Jiuzhaigou earthquake produced large deformations on the northwest of its epicenter, and small deformations on the southeast of the epicenter, ranging from -23 cm to 11 cm in the satellite Line of Sight. Results revealed that the earthquake-triggered colluvial materials in the Jiuzhaigou Reserve have zonal distribution features, mainly distributed along the roads and valleys, especially in the Wuhuahai area, with a calculated volume of 1.658×105m³. In fact, these findings had great significance for the mitigation on geohazards risks and lakes siltation in Jiuzhaigou Reserve.

A network analysis of literatures in the lake sediments research field is not only important for understanding the current research status, research hotspot and future development trend of this field, but also significant for providing us scientific references to investigate and protect ecological environments of the lakes at Yangtze River’s downstream. This paper evaluated the research status and development trend of lake sediments. An effective bibliometric analysis was conducted to analyze the existing literature about “lake sediment” which were published in the the database Web of ScienceTM Core Collection (WOS) 1931 to 2016. And word frequency statistics, cluster analysis and network analysis methods were applied. The results showed that 9 126 related documents were retrieved in this field, and the number of published documents had an exponential growth with time (R2=0.98, P<0.01). The United States had the largest number of articles published, a total of 2 086, accounting for 20.5% of the total number of published articles. There were 2 086 articles published in China, second only to the United States. Developed countries such as Europe and the United States had contributed a great deal to the volume of research literature. Meanwhile, in developing countries, China played an important role in the field of lake sediment. The three subjects with the largest number of research literatures were Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Geology and Marine & Freshwater Biology, with 3 368 (22.0%), 2 698 (17.6%), and 2 099 (13.7%) articles respectively. The top three journals published on lake sediment were Journal of Paleolimnology, Hydrobiologia and Limnology and Oceanography. The number of articles published were 412, 366, and 237, which accounted for 4.5%, 4.0%, and 2.6% of the total articles respectively. From the perspective of research hotspots and development trends in this field, the research hot spots in the study of lake sediments focus on the field of the pollution and risk of heavy metals and organic pollutants, study of lake sediments and paleoclimate, as well as lake eutrophication. Their frequency of occurrence as keywords was in the top 10. In the future, ‘lake sediment model’ and ‘multivariate statistical applications’ appear as new keywords, and frequency appears in the top 50. They had a certain research value and development space.

The environmentally friendly characteristic of biological pesticides has become an important type of technologies in the green development of agriculture. Paying attention to farmers’ adoption of biological pesticides is of great significance in promoting biological pesticides and the green development of agriculture. Therefore, this paper employed the Binary Logistic model with the 388 samples of Hubei province, to explore the impact of personal technology perception on farmers’ adoption behaviors of biological pesticides by grouping technology perception into technology acquisition perception and technology service perception. The results showed that, the technology perception had a significant impact on their adoption behaviors. Generally speaking, technology service perception played an important role in farmers’ adoption behaviors, and the sequence of impact intensity was perception of government technology service, perception of professional cooperatives’ technology service, perception of technology service from agricultural technology-promotion organizations. However, technology acquisition perception had little influence on farmers’ adoption behaviors. Based on the findings, related recommendations are proposed to promote farmers’ adoption of biological pesticides.

To explore the effects of different fertilization treatments on soil physical properties and soil anti-erodibility under red upland soil, long-term location fertilization test plots as the research object, the soil physical and chemical properties were measured, and selected of 10 indicators such as bulk density, water content, content of soil organic matters, mean weight diameter of water stable aggregate, water stable aggregate (bigger than 0.25 mm), dispersion rate, agglomeration degree, structural failure rate, erodibility index and corrosion resistance index, used principal component analysis to study the soil anti-erodibility of five treatments. Five treatments were included as follows: CK (weeds land), T1 (unfertilized control), T2 (farmyard manure), T3 (NPK fertilizer) and T4 (NPK fertilizer and wheat straw). The results were as follows: 1) After reclamation, the soil bulk density decreased evidently, the soil porosity and water content increased; compared with unfertilized control, the role of fertilization in increasing soil organic matter content and improving soil physical properties was more pronounced. 2) The two major indexes affecting soil anti-erodibility were water stable aggregate (bigger than 0.25 mm) and structural failure rate. 3) The principal component analysis composite indexes showed that the order of soil anti-erodibility in different treatments was: T2>CK>T3> T4>T1. After reclaiming weeds land, the cultivation will decrease the soil anti-erodibility, but the fertilization can obviously increase soil anti-erodibility, and the farmyard manure was most obvious. The research results can provide evidence for the sustainable development of agro-ecosystems in the region and soil and water conservation research.

Farmers’ value cognition of soil and water conservation technology,not only reflects the farmers subjective understanding and acceptance of soil and water conservation technology, but also affects the effectiveness of soil erosion control and the process of the construction of the beautiful countryside. Given this，based on survey data of 1 152 farmers in Loess Plateau area，Heckman Selection Model was used in this paper to analyze capital endowment influencing on farmers value perception of soil and water conservation technology.The results showed that, the proportion of higher production value in soil and water conservation technology perceived by farmers was 13.89%, higher income value was 12.5%, higher ecological value was 19.01%.Farmers did not know highly about the value of soil and water conservation technology.（2）The factors that affect the farmers’ production value cognitive degree of soil and water conservation technology were mainly included in the level of education, the number of labor, the type of housing, the area of cultivated land, the village cadres, mutual trust and mutual help.The factors that affect the farmers’ income value cognitive degree of soil and water conservation technology were mainly included in the type of housing, mutual trust and mutual help.The factors that affect the farmers’ ecological value cognitive degree of soil and water conservation technology were mainly included in the number of labor, the type of housing, mutual trust，mutual help，information channels.

Around the trinity idea of land management under the reform of ecological civilization system to enhance the ecological management of land use,which is the comprehensive idea of land resources management in China now.And it has vital ecological value and practical significance for studying land use in lakeside ecological sensitive area.This paper took Heilongtan town in Renshou county,Sichuan province as study area,and built mathematical quantification model and econometric model to analyze the current situation of lakeside land use in Heilongtan town in 2005-2015.And differently discussed the optimization models of lakeside land use and proposes the policies and suggestions.Results showed:(1) the result of lakeside land use diversification factor and equilibrium degree in Heilongtan town was that the amplitude was small in time and it was lower than the county average in space , but,in general, it was in a state of equilibrium. (2)the result of the ecological security state of lakeside land use in Heilongtan town was that,on the whole, the evolution trend of fluctuation and take 2012 as a turning point that the security state changes from the safer stage to the safe stage and it’s totally in a safer state.(3)the influencing factors of lakeside land use ecological security state in Heilongtan town include optimization of planting structure,population density,land average livestock volume,water environmental pollution load,soil and water loss ratio,pesticide load in unit cultivated land. The population density was opposite to the expected direction,the optimization of planting structure had obvious positive effects,and the rest of the comprehensive net effect was negative.(4)Based on the change status and ecological security protection demand of lakeside land use in Heilongtan town and its development tend, there were three development models of lakeside land use were put forward that include the ecological model of returning farmland to lake and sustainable use ,the development model of compound agriculture and ecological planting,the development model of leisure agriculture and educational experience.Based on this, some policies and suggestions such as strengthen the protection of the lakeside water and soil resources, optimize the structural layout of the lakeside agriculture and regulate the management of the lakeside are proposed.