城市旅游地景观格局演变与优化研究——以南京为例

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201607003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 城市旅游地景观格局是城市旅游与景观生态共同的研究热点。研究以南京为例，利用ArcGIS技术，以累积耗费距离及旅游地景观演化模型为分析手段，探讨了研究区自1991年以来的景观格局演变与优化问题。结果表明：（1） 1991～2003年，旅游景观比重减少而非旅游景观增加；2003～2014年，旅游景观比重增加而非旅游景观递减。景观演化表现为先后台化再旅游化的特征。（2）河湖水面、公园与绿地、建设用地景观形状日趋规则化，林地、交通用地景观形状复杂度不断提升，景观破碎化程度加剧且多样性先上升后下降，表现出快速、高度城市化过程。（3）根据景观生态系统服务功能价值和空间作用，构建生态源地、生态廊道和生态节点等景观组分来加强生态网络的空间联系，提出格局优化方案。（4）非旅游型城市景观应进一步转变为典型旅游景观，以保持景观旅游化及旅游地景观演化的可持续性。

关键词: 城市旅游地, 景观优化, 累积耗费距离模型, 景观演化模型, 南京

Abstract: Landscape pattern in urban tourism destination is influenced by both the development of urban tourism and landscape process. As a result, analysis from integrated perspectives should be applied in landscape optimization. Taking Nanjing as an example, using the ArcGIS software, the evolution and optimization of landscape pattern in the study area were studied through the model of the evolution of urban tourism destination and the cumulative cost distance model. The results showed that:(1) From 1991 to 2003, the proportion of tourism landscape reduced while the non-tourism landscape increased, and the proportion of tourism landscape increased while the non-tourism landscape reduced during 2003 to 2014. This change showed the landscape evolution experienced a transition from the background type to the tourism type, expressing the characteristic of growth tourist destination. (2) In recent years, the degree of landscape fragmentation continued to aggravate. The landscape shapes of water of lake and river, parks and green space, and the construction became more and more regular, while the forest land and transportation became more complex. (3) Landscape pattern optimization can be achieved by building ecological sources, critical ecological positions and corridors, which can strengthen the spatial relationship of ecological network. (4) The focus of the optimization of the landscape type is to further transform the non-tourism city landscape into the typical tourism ones, in order to enhance both tourism and ecological value of landscape.

Key words: urban tourism destination, landscape optimization, accumulative cost distance model, landscape evolution model, Nanjing

中图分类号:

K901

陈玲玲, 曹杨, 易琳, 刘会玉. 城市旅游地景观格局演变与优化研究——以南京为例[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(07): 1024-1033.

CHEN Ling-ling, CAO Yang, YI Lin, LIU Hui-yu. LANDSCAPE PATTERN CHANGE AND OPTIMIZATION IN URBAN TOURISM DESTINATION:A CASE STUDY OF NANJING[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2016, 25(07): 1024-1033.

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