川南山地林分变化对土壤物理性质和抗蚀性的影响

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201607013

长江流域资源与环境 >> 2016, Vol. 25 >> Issue (07): 1112-1120.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201607013

川南山地林分变化对土壤物理性质和抗蚀性的影响

闫思宇¹, 王景燕¹, 龚伟¹, 罗建跃¹, 苏黎明², 舒正悦¹, 赵昌平¹, 蔡煜¹

1. 四川农业大学林学院, 水土保持与荒漠化防治四川省重点实验室, 四川成都 611130;
2. 平武县水土保持办公室, 四川绵阳 622550

收稿日期:2015-11-13 修回日期:2016-03-10 出版日期:2016-07-20
通讯作者: 龚伟 E-mail:gongwei@sicau.edu.cn
作者简介:闫思宇(1993~),女,硕士研究生,主要从事林业生态工程方面研究.E-mail:yansiyu865662971@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41201296、41061140515）；国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目（2011BAC09B05）；土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放课题（0812201244）共同资助

EFFECTS OF FOREST CHANGE ON SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND ANTI-ERODIBILITY IN SOUTHERN SICHUAN MOUNTAINS

YAN Si-yu¹, WANG Jing-yan¹, GONG Wei¹, LUO Jian-yue¹, SU Li-ming², SHU Zheng-yue¹, ZHAO Cang-ping¹, CAI Yu¹

1. Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil & Water Conservation and Desertification Control, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
2. Pingwu water and soil conservation office, Mianyang 622550, China

Received:2015-11-13 Revised:2016-03-10 Online:2016-07-20
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation Project (41201296、41061140515);Technology Support Project of the 12th Five-Year Plan (2011BAC09B05);State Key Laboratory of Soil and Agricultural Sustainable Development Open Issue(0812201244)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以川南天然林（TRL）及其转变成的毛竹林（MZL）、檫木林（CML）、柳杉林（LSL）、杉木林（SML）和水杉林（SSL）为对象，研究不同林分土壤物理性质和抗蚀性差异，以主成分分析法（ZCFM）和隶属函数法（LSHM）分别计算的土壤抗蚀性综合值Ⅰ（KSX-Ⅰ）和Ⅱ（KSX-Ⅱ）评价林分变化对土壤抗蚀性的影响，探索简便易行的土壤抗蚀性综合评价方法。结果表明，天然林转变为人工林后土壤物理性质和抗蚀性变差，呈现出有机质和>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量、水稳性团聚体平均重量直径、团聚度、孔隙度及物理稳定性指数降低，而结构体破坏率、不稳定团粒指数、容重、分散率及侵蚀系数增加。各林分土壤KSX-Ⅰ和KSX-Ⅱ均呈现出TRL > CML > SSL > LSL > MZL > SML的规律变化。土壤抗蚀性指标间相关性均达到显著（p<0.05）水平；土壤KSX-Ⅰ和KSX-Ⅱ之间呈显著相关关系（p<0.05），且两者均与各抗蚀性指标间呈显著相关（p<0.05）。说明天然林植被变化后会使土壤抗蚀性降低，影响原有植被水土保持功能，应该加强天然林及其生态功能保护；ZCFM和LSHM均可作为计算土壤抗蚀性综合值的有效方法，但考虑到计算过程的难易度，后者更简便易行。结果为土壤抗蚀性综合评价新方法的建立提供了参考。

关键词: 植被变化, 土壤物理性质, 土壤抗蚀性, 综合评价

Abstract: Soil physical properties and anti-erodibility were determined under natural forest (TRL) and artificial plantations of Phyllostachys heterocycla (MZL), Sassafras tzumu (CML), Cryptomeria fortunei (LSL), Cunninghamia Lanceolata (SML) and Metasequoia glyptostroboides (SSL) which were converted from TRL in southern Sichuan Province. The methods of principal component analysis (ZCFM) and membership function (LSHM) were used to calculate the comprehensive valueⅠ(KSX-Ⅰ) and Ⅱ(KSX-Ⅱ) of soil anti-erodibility, respectively, to evaluate the impact of forest change on soil anti-erodibility and explore a simple and feasible soil anti-erodibility evaluation method. The results showed that natural forest converted to artificial forests, leading to worse soil physical properties and anti-erodibility, and decreasing content of soil organic matter, >0.25 mm water stable aggregate, mean weight diameter of water stable aggregate, aggregate degrees, porosity and physical stability index; on the contrary, the ratio of soil structure deterioration, unstable aggregate index, bulk density, dispersion rate and erosion coefficient increased. The KSX-Ⅰ and KSX-Ⅱ of soil anti-erodibility under different forest types ranked as TRL > CML > SSL > LSL > MZL > SML. Significant (p<0.05) correlations were observed between the indices of soil anti-erodibility. The KSX-Ⅰwas significant (p<0.05) correlated with KSX-Ⅱ, and both were significant (p<0.05) correlated with all indices of soil anti-erodibility. Our results suggest that soil anti-erodibility and water and soil conservation will become worse after natural forest change, and the protection of natural forest and its ecosystem should be strengthened; both ZCFM and LSHM were effective methods to calculate comprehensive value of soil anti-erodibility, while the latter is more simple and convenient than the former when the difficulty degree of calculation process was took into consideration. The results could provide references for developing new methods for comprehensive evaluation of soil anti-erodibility.

Key words: vegetation change, soil physical properties, soil anti-erodibility, comprehensive evaluation

中图分类号:

S157.1

闫思宇, 王景燕, 龚伟, 罗建跃, 苏黎明, 舒正悦, 赵昌平, 蔡煜. 川南山地林分变化对土壤物理性质和抗蚀性的影响[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2016, 25(07): 1112-1120.

YAN Si-yu, WANG Jing-yan, GONG Wei, LUO Jian-yue, SU Li-ming, SHU Zheng-yue, ZHAO Cang-ping, CAI Yu. EFFECTS OF FOREST CHANGE ON SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND ANTI-ERODIBILITY IN SOUTHERN SICHUAN MOUNTAINS[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2016, 25(07): 1112-1120.

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