Abstract: This research assumed a conception that there exists a sub-line of Hu Huanyong population line based on the theoretical connotation of Hu Huanyong population line, and also supposed the spatial characterize of this sub-line. In accordance with the sub-line, and the spatial patterns of natural and social foundation in Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB), we predicted the future population carrying of natural resources. And then we further divided the spatial pattern of population carrying in the perspective of sub-line of Hu Huanyong population line. We found that stepped spatial structure has been formed in Yangtze River Delta. Therefore, we have made a series of suggestions for optimizing the strategic spatial structure in YREB.