Abstract: Ecological red line, also known as “ecological conservation red line, is the bottom line to ensure regional ecological security, which is of great significance for ecological protection. How to establish and improve its performance appraisal and ecological compensation mechanism is currently a problem worthy of attention. This paper takes the ecological red line in chongqing as the research object, and uses the ecological parameters affecting the status of ecosystem services to revise the “ecosystem service equivalent value per unit area in China. ”. The spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and driving factors of ecosystem service value（ESV） in this region between 2000 and 2015 were comprehensively analyzed.The results shows that: ①The main type of ecosystem in in Chongqing ecological red line is forest, accounting for more than 75%; During the period, forest, wetland and artificial surface area increased, while farmland and bare soil continue to decrease.②Among 15 years, ESV in the study area increased by 8.709 billion yuan, an increase of 6.63%, but the growth rate is gradually decreasing.Forest contributes the most to ESV, followed by wetland and grassland. The main types of ecosystem services in the study area are climate regulation and hydrological regulation services, and the ESV of hydrological regulation services has the most significant increasing trend in the period of time. ③The areas with the highest ESV value density are mainly distributed in the middle and low mountain areas such as Daba Mountain, Fangdoushan Mountain, Chuanhegai Mountain, Simian Mountain and Jinfo Mountain. During the period, ESV in the main urban areas such as Four Mountains, Jinfo Mountain and Heishan Mountain, as well as the elite mountains, Huangcaoshan Mountain and Xuebaoshan Mountain in the parallel valleys of Eastern Sichuan, show a marked increasing trend. ESV in the junction areas of Chengkou County and Wuxi County, northern Wushan County, central Fengjie County, northern Pengshui County, southern Qianjiang District, Southern Jiangjin District and southern Qijiang District show a slightly decreasing trend, and ESV in 36 districts and counties increase in the whole city. In addition, ESV decrease in three districts and counties.④Although the wetland area is small, its total ESV is second only to forests, and the ESV per unit area is higher than other types. More attention should be paid to the effective protection of wetlands.⑤Urbanization rate and per capita net income of rural residents are the main driving factors of ESV changes in the study area, which indicates that ecosystem services in the ecological red line are basically coupled with regional social and economic development.