Abstract: The economic strength of the city is calculated based on factor analysis. Using accessibility coefficient models to analyze the impact of high-speed railways and expressways on urban accessibility. Using gravity models to measure the impact of high-speed railways and highways on urban economic connections. And use ESDA to measure the impact of accessibility on economic space. The results show that the rapid traffic has greatly improved the overall accessibility of Hunan cities, and produced a significant “space-time compression” effect. Rapid transportation reduces the difference in accessibility between peripheral cities and central cities. The accessibility of cities along the high-speed rail is significantly better than that of non-high-speed rail cities. Highway expand the accessibility of high-speed railways. Rapid transportation has strengthened the economic ties between cities in Hunan Province, strengthened Changsha’s position as an economic center, and weakened the economic gap between the east and the west. The intensity of inter-provincial economic ties is affected by the convenience of access to the province. The total economic linkages of each city are generally hierarchical and uneven in evolution.