Abstract: Under the background of “double circulation”, it is an inevitable choice to put the foothold of development in China and actively expand domestic demand by relying on the domestic market. By constructing the index system of consumption center city, this paper explores the temporal and spatial evolution of consumption center city and its influencing factors by using standard deviation ellipse, Moran index and GWR model. The results show that: (1) Shanghai has always been the only regional consumption center city in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, with absolute leading advantages; Most of the provincial consumption center cities are concentrated in the important economic center cities of the Yangtze River Delta and some provincial capital cities; (2) The overall consumption center cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt present a “southwest-northeast” spatial distribution pattern, and constantly gather in the east (north) direction. The upstream shows a “southwest-northeast” distribution pattern, while the middle and lower reaches show an opposite direction, showing a “southeast-northwest” distribution pattern; (3) In 2000, 2010 and 2018, the consumption center cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt showed obvious spatial agglomeration, and the agglomeration gradually strengthened; (4) The proportion of tertiary industry, economic development level, population mobility, the development of financial industry and government support are all conducive to promoting the development of consumption center cities, among which the proportion of tertiary industry and the development of financial industry have obvious pulling effect on regional consumption center cities and provincial consumption center cities, but the income ratio between urban and rural areas is negatively correlated with that of consumption center cities, which has an inhibitory effect on the development of consumption center cities. This paper studies the spatial and temporal distribution pattern and driving factors of consumption center cities, hoping to provide certain reference value for the development of consumption center cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.