Abstract: Taking the township as the research unit, this paper fully considers the current situation of complex topography, scattered settlement distribution, backward economy and poor traffic level in the highland mountainous cities, and analyzes the spatial pattern of rural transportation road network accessibility in Lhasa city from two aspects of sub-evaluation and comprehensive evaluation by using the network analysis, spatial autocorrelation and geographically weighted regression, in an attempt to reveal the spatial variation of accessibility from township-county-grouping area and to propose optimization strategies. The results show that: (1) the accessibility level of the rural road network in Lhasa City varies greatly, showing the spatial variation characteristics of the “center-periphery” of the extreme core of accessibility, which is high in the south and decreases gradually to the east, west and north. (2) It is obvious that accessibility level is influenced by the topographic relief and slope, road network high impedance. (3) Accessibility level of administrative villages has a strong spatial agglomeration, with interaction of high and low accessibility areas and a radiation effect.（4）The road network accessibility level shows spatial heterogeneity in different sub-districts, and the configuration of different levels of roads and the layout of traffic facility points have a large impact on the accessibility level. Finally, optimization suggestions are proposed for different sub-districts to promote economic development, for the purpose of an effective and efficient integral development of urban and rural areas and a speeding up rural revitalization.