长江流域资源与环境 >> 2024, Vol. 33 >> Issue (3): 547-560.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj202403008

• 自然资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

贵州省2000~2020年土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响

孙定钊1,梁友嘉2*,刘丽珺3
  

  1. (1.贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局测绘院,贵州 贵阳 550018;2.武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北 武汉 430070;3.长江大学资源与环境学院,湖北 武汉 430100)
  • 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2024-04-03

Impact of Land Use Change on Ecosystem Service Values in Guizhou Province from 2000 to 2020

SUN Ding-zhao1, LIANG You-jia2,LIU Li-jun3   

  1. (1. Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Guizhou Geological and Mineral Exploration Bureau, Guiyang 550018, China;2. School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China;3. College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China)
  • Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-04-03

摘要: 贵州省地处生态脆弱的典型喀斯特地貌区域,分析多驱动因素引起的土地利用变化对区域生态系统服务价值的影响对地区生态建设及土地管理具有重要意义。基于GlobeLand30土地利用/覆被、贵州省粮食产量和价格等数据,计算土地利用动态度、利用程度、转移矩阵及空间自相关指数并修正得到贵州省生态系统服务价值系数表,分析贵州省2000~2020年土地利用和生态系统服务价值的变化,并利用地理探测器量化驱动因子的影响力及其交互作用。发现:(1)研究期间林地、草地分别减少1 148.79和1 600.36 km2,水体和人造地表分别增加496.54和2 315.81 km2,综合土地利用动态度达45.16%,人造地表动态度为32.75%;耕地、林草地和人造地表的空间置换过程显著,且人造地表与耕地存在权衡变化;(2)土地利用程度高值主要围绕贵阳、安顺和遵义城区分布,土地利用分布存在空间聚集性,全局Moran′s I值均大于0,且人造地表呈现出显著的高-高聚集(H-H)特征;(3)人口、路网对土地利用空间格局产生持续影响,同时降水对耕地和林地分布关联,驱动因子对土地利用空间格局的影响表现为协同增强作用;(4)近20年间贵州省生态系统服务价值先减后增,林草生态系统服务价值占总价值的80%以上,调节服务和支持服务是主要的生态系统服务类型,贵州省有29个区县生态系统服务价值由减损转为增益,在未来生态建设中应加强林草生态系统的建设和管护。

Abstract: Guizhou province is located in the typical karst landform area with a fragile ecology. It is of significance to analyze the influence of land use change caused by multiple driving factors on the value of regional ecosystem service for ecological construction and land management. Based on GlobeLand30 land use/cover dataset, grain production and price, we calculated the dynamic degree of land use, degree of utilization, transfer matrix and spatial autocorrelation index and corrected the service value coefficient of ecosystem in Guizhou Province. The change of land use and ecosystem service value in Guizhou Province from 2000 to 2020 was analyzed, and the influence and interaction of driver factors were quantified by geographical detectors. This study found that: (1) During the study period, forest land and grassland decreased by 1 148.79 km2 and 1 600.36 km2, respectively, while water and artificial surface increased by 496.54 km2 and 2 315.81 km2, respectively. The comprehensive land use dynamic degree reached 45.16%, and the artificial surface dynamic degree was 32.75%; The spatial displacement process of cultivated land, forest and grassland, and artificial surface was significant, and there was a trade-off between artificial surface and cultivated land; (2) The high value of land use degree of utilization mainly revolved around the distribution of urban areas in Guiyang, Anshun, and Zunyi, and the distribution of land use exhibited spatial clustering, with global Moran′s I values greater than 0. The artificial surface exhibited significant high-high clustering (H-H) characteristics; (3) Population and road network had a sustained impact on the spatial pattern of land use, while precipitation was associated with the distribution of arable land and forest land. The driving factors had a synergistic effect on the spatial pattern of land use; (4) In the past 20 years, the value of ecosystem services in Guizhou Province decreased first and then increased. The value of forest and grass ecosystem services accounted for over 80% of the total value, and regulation and support services were the main types of ecosystem services. In 29 counties in Guizhou Province, the value of ecosystem services shifted from loss to gain. For future ecological construction, it is necessary to strengthen the construction and management of forest and grass ecosystems.

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