Abstract: Exploring the spatial and temporal patterns and the drivers of multiple ecosystem services at the watershed scale is essential for implementing integrated watershed ecosystem management. This study focused on the spatial and temporal dynamics of water yield, carbon storage services, soil conservation services, and habitat quality, along with the drivers in the Fuhuan River Basin. Initially, the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of ecosystem services at the grid and sub-watershed scales was characterized using quantitative methods to identify multiple clusters of ecosystem services at the sub-watershed level. Subsequently, the geo-detector technique was applied to assess the impacts of various factors on ecosystem services. Finally, a spatio-temporal Geographically Weighted Regression (GTWR) model was developed to investigate the spatial heterogeneity of each influential factor. The findings revealed that: (i) the distribution of the four ecosystem services in the Fuhuan River Basin between 2000 and 2020 exhibited significant spatio-temporal heterogeneity, while maintaining a relatively stable spatial pattern. The overall trend of ecosystem services within the study area showed an upward trajectory, with similar spatial distributions observed at both grid and sub-basin scales; (ii) the geo-detector analysis indicated varying degrees of influence from different factors. The factors of Digital Elevation Model (DEM), mean annual precipitation, average land GDP, and population density were identified as dominant factors affecting multiple ecosystem services, with q-values of 0.64, 0.52, 0.47, and 0.44, respectively. Moreover, individual natural-social factors displayed heterogeneous contributions to each ecosystem service type over the same time period, exhibiting distinct variations across different years; (iii) results from the GTWR model demonstrated a positive correlation between elevation, precipitation, and multiple ecosystem services, with the effect intensity diminishing from east to west. Per capita GDP and population density were negatively correlated with overall ecosystem services, yet exhibited positive correlations in certain downstream areas.