Abstract: The fractal characteristics of soil particle size distribution reveals the composition and distribution of soil particles, and helps understand the soil improvement effect of debris flow accumulation fan under different vegetation recovery types. In this study, six different vegetation restoration types (bare land, grassland, shrub, Leucaena leucocephala forest, Eucalyptus robusta forest, cultivated land) were selected in the debris flow accumulation fan of Chaqingou in Jiangjiagou Basin. The surface soil samples (0~20 cm) were collected for particle size analysis, and the multifractal dimension were calculated based on the fractal theoretical model. The results showed that:(1)The differences in soil particle size distribution under different vegetation restoration types were significant. The content of clay particles and silt particles in grassland and cultivated land was significantly higher than those in forest land and shrub, while the content of sand particles in cultivated land was significantly lower than that in other recovery types.(2)The single fractal dimension (D) of bare land differed significantly from other types. The silt particles volume fraction was the main factor controlling the individual fractal dimension.(3)The generalized dimension spectrum curve D(q)-q of soil particle size distribution in each sample plot was an inverse "S" curve, which indicated that the soil particle size distribution was heterogeneous and had multifractal properties. There were significant differences in the multifractal parameters of soil particle size distribution in each sample plot. The degree of heterogeneity in soil particle size distribution gradually increased from bare land, Eucalyptus robusta forest, grassland to shrub. The soil particle size distribution in cultivated land and Eucalyptus robusta forest was similar, and so was the Leucaena leucocephala forest and shrub. This study provided a theoretical basis for soil structure improvement and rational development of debris flow accumulation fan.