淀山湖底栖动物群落结构及其与沉积物碳氮磷的关系

doi:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201806010

长江流域资源与环境 >> 2018, Vol. 27 >> Issue (06): 1269-.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201806010

淀山湖底栖动物群落结构及其与沉积物碳氮磷的关系

刘乐丹1,3,4，王先云2，陈丽平1,3,4，凡迎春5，陈松林1,3,4，刘其根1,3,4，胡忠军1,3,4*

(1. 水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心（上海海洋大学），上海 201306；2. 城市水资源开发利用（南方）国家工程研究中心，上海城市水资源开发利用国家工程中心有限公司，上海 200082；3. 农业部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室（上海海洋大学），上海 201306；4. 农业部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心（上海海洋大学），上海 201306；5. 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心，江苏无锡 214081）

出版日期:2018-06-20

Community Structure of Macrozoobenthos with Relationships to Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Sediment of Dianshan Lake (Shanghai, China)

LIU Le-dan1, 3, 4, WANG Xian-yun2, CHEN Li-ping1, 3, 4, FAN Ying-chun5,CHEN Song-lin1, 3, 4, LIU Qi-geng1, 3, 4, HU Zhong-jun1, 3, 4

(1.National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306，China; 2.National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources, Shanghai National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200082，China; 3.Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306，China; 4.Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrion (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306，China; 5. Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081，China）

Online:2018-06-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2009～2010年对淀山湖底栖动物和沉积物碳氮磷含量进行了季度调查，探讨了它们之间的关系，并对水环境质量进行了评价。共鉴定底栖动物3门5纲17种，优势种为背蚓虫、寡鳃齿吻沙蚕和河蚬，群落密度以前两者为主（占81.2%），生物量以后两者贡献较大（75.0%）。沉积物有机碳（TOC）、总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）分别为7.91、1.02和0.79 mg/g，两两间均无相关性。多变量分析显示，淀山湖底栖动物群落物种组成无显著空间差异；多配对非参数检验表明，现存量（密度和生物量）、多样性指数（香浓指数H’、辛普森指数D、丰富度指数d、均匀度指数J）和沉积物碳氮磷中，仅总氮含量存在显著空间差异。相关分析显示，现存量与TN显著正相关，多样性与TP显著负相关，且均不与TOC相关。使用底栖动物Carlander、H’ 和d指数、ABC曲线及沉积物氮磷相关的指标，评价了淀山湖表层底质的环境质量，总体表明该湖处于中度—严重污染程度或中营养—富营养状态。淀山湖底栖动物总密度及寡毛类密度低、多毛类和河蚬占优的结构特征与该湖为近距离经江通海湖泊及其底泥为有机质含量低的粉砂质粘土有关。
关键词：淀山湖; 底栖动物; 沉积物营养盐; 群落结构; 水质评价

Abstract: Seasonal sampling of macrozoobenthos was performed in Dianshan Lake from 2009 to 2010 to explore the relationships of these organisms to carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment and then assess water quality in Lake ecosystem. The benthic environmental quality was assessed based on the biotic and diversity indices of macrozoobenthos and the indices of sediment nutrients. A total of 17 macrozoobenthic species from 5 classes and 3 phyla, were identified. Heteromastus filiformis, Nephtys oligobranchia, Corbicula fluminea were the dominant species, with H. filiformis and N. oligobranchia making up 81.2% of the community density, N. oligobranchia and C. fluminea accounting for 75.0% of the biomass. The total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the sediment was 7.91, 1.02, and 0.79 mg/g,respectively. There were no significant correlations between these biological and environmental parameters. The multivariable analyses indicated no spatial differences in the species numerical composition of macrozoobenthos; Significant spatial difference was only detected in TN with a non-parametric Friedman test (multiple paired samples analysis), among standing crop (density and biomass), diversity index (Shannon-Wiener diversity index ［H’］, Simpson diversity index ［D］, Margelef index ［ｄ］, Pielou evenness index ［Ｊ］) ,and sediment TOC, TN and TP . The correlation analysis showed that the standing crops were positively correlated with sediment TN, diversity indices were negatively correlated with sediment TP. The biological and sediment parameters indicated that Dianshan Lake was moderately to heavily polluted or mesotrophic to eutrophic. Dianshan Lake was characterized by low density of the whole community and oligochaetes and dominance of polychaetes and C. fluminea, which may be attributed to the sediment composition of the lake bed (silt and clay with low TOC concentrations) and its connection to the East China Sea by two short rivers.
Key words：Dianshan Lake; macroinvertebrates; sediment nutrients; community structure; water quality assessment

刘乐丹1,3,4，王先云2，陈丽平1,3,4，凡迎春5，陈松林1,3,4，刘其根1,3,4，胡忠军1,3,4*. 淀山湖底栖动物群落结构及其与沉积物碳氮磷的关系[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2018, 27(06): 1269-.

LIU Le-dan1, 3, 4, WANG Xian-yun2, CHEN Li-ping1, 3, 4, FAN Ying-chun5,CHEN Song-lin1, 3, 4, LIU Qi-geng1, 3, 4, HU Zhong-jun1, 3, 4 . Community Structure of Macrozoobenthos with Relationships to Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Sediment of Dianshan Lake (Shanghai, China)[J]. RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE YANGTZE BASIN, 2018, 27(06): 1269-.

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