Abstract: It is essential to reveal the spatial-temporal coupling relationship between the change of regional transportation location and the expansion of construction land for exploring the driving force for the expansion of construction land, enhancing the effectiveness of regional construction land management and promoting the sustainable development of the region. Here, this paper reveals the spatial-temporal differentiation characteristics of regional traffic location and construction land expansion with spatial econometrics methods and explores the correlation between the two from the time series and space based on the remote sensing and traffic data from 1990 to 2015 in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. We found that traffic accessibility in study area increased rapidly from 1990 to 2015. The average traffic accessibility of the county increased from 0.76 in 1990 to 1.14 in 2015, with an average annual growth rate of 1.52%. The average annual growth rate was 1.52%, of which the growth rate was the fastest in 1990-1995 years, and the growth of 2005-2010 years was slower. And the spatial distribution of high level accessibility area is distributed from sporadic point to linear distribution along the Yangtze River and its tributaries. The total increase of construction land area in the study area was 7 851.24 km² from 1990 to 2015, and the trend in expansion intensity decreased first and then increased. The high value area also showed a similar change from sporadic point to space along the Yangtze River and its tributaries. The expansion of regional construction land is not only related to its own traffic location, but also affected by its neighboring traffic location. The Pearson correlation coefficients of traffic accessibility and the logarithm of the expansion intensity are 0.577, 0.567, 0.470, 0.591 and 0.501 respectively, and the Moran’s I index is 0.235, 0.278, 0.251, 0.298, 0.278, respectively. There are similarities in the spatial aggregation characteristics of traffic accessibility and construction land expansion intensity in different periods: the provincial capital and its neighboring areas have a high-high aggregation state due to their location advantages, while hilly area shows low-oligomeric state due to its low economic activity and limited terrain conditions. It is vital for strategic planning of regional integration development in the new era to clarify the spatial-temporal coupling relationship between regional transportation location and construction land expansion.