Abstract: Tourism eco-efficiency is an important index to measure the sustainable development of tourism with the core goal of “minimum resource input and environmental damage, maximum economic and social output”. The Super-SBM model of non-expected output, geospatial analysis method and Panel Tobit regression model are comprehensively applied to explore the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of tourism eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2007 to 2016. The results show that: (1) During the study period, the high-efficiency provinces are mainly distributed in the eastern region. The less efficient provinces are widely distributed, the number of which increased after decreasing; however, the number of inefficient provinces is fairly minor, and their distribution ranges migrate from the east to the west in the Yangtze River Economic Belt generally. (2) Regional differences and agglomeration of tourism eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt are shrinking, and the interval differences in the eastern, central and western regions are smaller than internal differences, which are the major contributors to regional differences in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. During the study period, the tourism eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt gradually  formes  an “I-shaped” structure with high value agglomeration in the east and west and low value agglomeration in the middle. (3) The tourism eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is controlled by multiple influencing factors. The spatial heterogeneity of the impact of tourism economy scale, tourism industry structure, scientific and technological development level, urbanization development level and government regulation of tourism eco-efficiency on the spatial and temporal evolution in various provinces and regions is strong.