Abstract: Insufficient research on the response mechanism of current ecosystem service function to urban land expansion process. We studied the Wuhan, as a case example to calculate the value of important ecosystem services, and exploring the impact mechanism of urban expansion on ecological services. The results were as follows．(1) From 1990 to 2015,expect the Hydrological regulation, the value of other ecosystem service functions declined negatively, and the value of food supply has fallen the most. (2) The demand pressure of ecosystem service functions brought about by population growth is far greater than the direct destruction of ecosystem services by urban expansion. (3) In the urban expansion of Wuhan for the past 25 years, the destructiveness of food supply was the most serious, the destructiveness of hydrological regulation is less than food supply, and the destructiveness of biodiversity and soil conservation was relatively low. In the future urban expansion of Wuhan, it is forbidden to encroach on the area of waters and forests, adjust the occupational structure of farmland, and improve the intensive utilization level of construction land.