Abstract: The average occupied land of global mining waste storage yard is 1.3 km2, the China is 0.363 km2, while the Jialing River Basin is only 0.11 km2 from 132 mining waste storage yards (mainly tailings ponds), which is a typical small-scale cases. Small-scale mining waste yard is hard to attract authority attention, and readily lead to landslide, debris flow, and waste diffusion pollution. Based on field surveys, combined with Remote Sensing, GIS and watershed geographic factors, it reveal that mining waste is located in the upstream of the Jialing River, and seriously affects the water safety of Guangyuan and Nanchong City in Sichuan province, and Chongqing City. In addition, the proportion of “overhead storehouse” in the mining waste storage yard is close to 90%, the non-standard storage yards is 38.6%, the wastes sites which threatened by landslides are greater than 43.2%. Under the water/wind erosion, 5.4-7.2 ton/year of toxic metals (mainly Pb and Zn) diffuse to the adjacent soil and water systems, eventually causing permanent contaminant. The terrain, climate, dumped scale, supervision and management are the factors that affect the safety of mining waste, relevant departments should focus on the preliminary layout of mine tailings ponds and strengthen the management of small-scale mining wastes yard.