Abstract: Identifying spatial differences in the factors influencing farmers' ecological farming is of great significance for guiding farmers' ecological farming and promoting ecological conservation of farmland. Based on 1 203 peasant household ecological farming questionnaires from 47 counties in 11 cities of Jiangxi Province, spatial autoregressive and geographically weighted regression models were first used to explore the spatial distribution of peasant household ecological farming, and then the statistical relationship between ecological farming and its influencing factors were analyzed from both the global and local scales. The results show that: (1) Ecological farming of peasant household shows a typical spatial autocorrelation distribution characteristic, which are mainly influenced by government subsidies, the proportion of labor force, the degree of part-time employment, the distance to the county seat and whether the farmland is permanent basic farmland; (2) From a global perspective, except for the distance to the county seat, the other four factors have a positive influence on ecological farming. The coefficients of government subsidies, whether it is permanent basic farmland and the degree of part-time farming are 0.71, 0.58 and 0.32 respectively; (3) From a local perspective, the degree of influence of each factor shows typical spatial differentiation characteristics, and there are differences in different spatial locations, so the incentive policies for farmers should be developed in a zonal way. Finally, based on the spatially differentiated characteristics of the factors influencing ecological farming, three suggestions were put forward, including the full implementation of a permanent basic farmland protection system, maintaining and increasing government agricultural subsidies, and encouraging and guiding farmers to work outside the farm during their leisure time.