Abstract: Since 2013, the Dajiuhu wetland in Shennongjia has started the ecological migration project. In order to understand the changes of residents' fire and electricity consumption and resource consumption after ecological relocation of Dajiuhu, this paper collected and analyzed the energy consumption of relocated and non-relocated households by means of sample survey and visiting survey. The results showed that in addition to the population and the number of livestock, the altitude was also an important factor affecting the energy consumption of the family. The difference of firewood quantity and electricity consumption was 84% and 62.1% respectively, so relocation can give priority to high altitude areas. Before and after the relocation, the cooking consumption of residents changed from basically relying entirely on firewood to a mixture of gas and electricity, and the heating consumption changed from burning firewood to burning coal. After the relocation, residents realized zero consumption of firewood and zero deforestation, and the electricity consumption increased significantly. Compared with the living cost before the relocation, it increased by about 3 450 RMB. After the relocation, the residents' living conditions, living conditions, transportation facilities and income-generating opportunities have been improved; the 431 households relocated are equivalent to 47.08 hectares of forest protection per year, which has played a positive role in mountain closure for forest cultivation and ecological restoration.