Abstract: The Three Gorges Project is the largest water control project in the world. The construction of the Three Gorges Project has a certain degree of influence on the plants in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, especially the rare and endangered plants. The rare and endangered plants in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area are of great significance in biodiversity conservation and have been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad. Systematic research on the rare and endangered plants in the three Gorges Reservoir Area is an important basis for scientific guidance of their conservation. This paper systematically reviewed the studies on the rare and endangered plants in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, focused on the population status, physiological ecology, endangerment factors, reproduction techniques and ex situ conservation, and put forward some suggestions for their future conservation based on the research status of the rare and endangered plants in this area, in order to provide reference for the protection of the rare and endangered plants in there.