Abstract: Accurately identifying the coupling coordination between urban resilience and urban land use efficiency has practical implications for promoting high-quality development of cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and regional coordinated development. In this study, we utilized coupling coordination models, kernel density estimation, exploratory spatial data analysis and Tobit model to investigate the coupling coordination level, spatial correlation, and driving factors of urban resilience and urban land use efficiency in the cities of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2010 to 2019. Our findings indicated that: (1) Urban resilience exhibited a fluctuating growth trend, with an "east-west high, center low" spatial pattern; urban land use efficiency was increasing annually, with significant regional differences. (2) The coupling coordination degree between urban resilience and urban land use efficiency showed an increasing trend, and presented a multi-center, multi-circle feature radiating outward from cities of Chongqing, Wuhan, and Shanghai. (3) There was a significant spatial agglomeration of the coupling coordination degree between urban resilience and urban land use efficiency, but the agglomeration was weakening annually. The area of high value clustering was mainly concentrated in downstream of the Yangtze River Economic Belt near Shanghai, while the low value clustering area was concentrated in the northern Anhui and north-eastern Sichuan regions. (4) The level of economic development, government fiscal expenditure, environmental governance, technological innovation, and opening-up had a significant promoting effect on the coupling and coordinated development, while population density had a significant inhibitory effect. Based on the above conclusions, some policy suggestions were put forward in order to promote the positive interaction between urban resilience and urban land use efficiency to achieve high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.