长江流域资源与环境 >> 2024, Vol. 33 >> Issue (3): 584-595.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj202403011

• 生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

长江上游典型季节性河流富营养化评价及污染成因分析

高东东1,张涵2,任兴念2,田晓刚1*,郭明昆1,张婉萍1,杨长军1   

  1. (1.四川省生态环境科学研究院,四川 成都 610000; 2.西南交通大学环境科学与工程学院,四川 成都 610031)
  • 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2024-04-03

Evaluation of Eutrophication and Analysis of Pollution Factors in Eutrophication and Pollution Factors in Typical Seasonal Rivers of Upper Yangtze River

GAO Dong-dong1, ZHANG Han2, REN Xing-nian2,TIAN Xiao-gang1,  GUO Ming-kun1, ZHANG Wan-ping1, YANG Chang-jun1   

  1. (1. Sichuan Academy of Environmental Science, Chengdu 610000, China; 2. School of Environment and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China)
  • Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-04-03

摘要: 全面掌握水体富营养化现状对水环境的长效治理至关重要,但目前针对季节性河流富营养化时空变化特点和污染成因分析的研究还少有报道。基于岷江流域(眉山段)2019年1月至2020年12月的13项水质指标的监测数据,联合使用富营养化指数、地理信息系统和多元统计方法,阐明了流域内岷江干流及主要支流的营养盐时空变化特征、富营养化状态和主要污染因素。结果表明:(1)时间上,总氮(TN)浓度在夏季最高,达到5.33 mg/L。总磷(TP)和氨氮(NH3-N)在春季最高,分别达到0.22和0.65 mg/L。空间上,TN浓度在思蒙河最高,达到7.09 mg/L。TP和NH3-N浓度在体泉河最高,分别达到0.27和0.96 mg/L;(2)富营养化指数排序为:春季(69.10)>夏季>(67.06)冬季>(65.93)秋季(65.91);体泉河(76.06)>思蒙河(70.39)>毛河(70.02)>金牛河(63.14)>岷江干流(62.19);(3)主成分分析提取4个主成分,累计解释71.11%的方差变量,识别出影响该流域水质的主要因素依次为工业与生活污水、农业活动与城市面源污染、季节因素和土壤侵蚀。研究结果可为岷江流域(眉山段)的水体富营养化控制和水质改善提供指导,也为类似季节性河流的水环境管理工作提供科学依据。

Abstract: Comprehensive understanding of the current state of water body eutrophication is crucial for long-term water environmental management. However, there have been few reports on the analysis of the spatiotemporal variations and causes of pollution in seasonal rivers with regards to eutrophication. Based on monitoring data of 13 water quality indicators in the Meishan section of the Minjiang River Basin from January 2019 to December 2020, this study used eutrophication indices, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology, and multivariate statistical methods to elucidate the spatial and temporal characteristics of nutrient salts, the state of eutrophication, and the main polluting factors of the main stem and major tributaries of Minjiang River in the basin. The results indicated that: (1) Temporally, total nitrogen (TN) concentrations were highest in summer, reaching 5.33 mg/L. Total phosphorus (TP) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) were highest in spring, at 0.22 and 0.65 mg/L, respectively. Spatially, TN concentrations were highest in the Simeng River, reaching 7.09 mg/L. TP and NH3-N concentrations were highest in the Tiquan River, at 0.27 and 0.96 mg/L, respectively; (2) The eutrophication index ranked as follows: spring (69.10) > summer (67.06) > winter (65.93) > autumn (65.91); Tiquan River (76.06) > Simeng River (70.39) > Mao River (70.02) > Jinniu River (63.14) > main stem of the Minjiang River (62.19); (3) Principal component analysis extracted 4 principal components, cumulatively explaining 71.11% of the variance, identifying the primary factors influencing water quality were industrial and domestic wastewater, agricultural activities and urban non-point source pollution, seasonal factors, and soil erosion. The results of this study provided guidance for eutrophication control and water quality improvement in the Meishan section of the Minjiang River Basin and provided a scientific basis for the management of water environment in similar seasonal rivers.

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