长江流域资源与环境 >> 2024, Vol. 33 >> Issue (5): 961-970.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj202405005

• 区域可持续发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

三峡库区移民家庭支出型贫困特征及后扶路径优化研究

黄琦,彭智敏*   

  1. (湖北省社会科学院长江流域经济研究所,湖北  武汉430077)
  • 出版日期:2024-05-20 发布日期:2024-05-29

Characteristics of Expenditure-Based Poverty and Optimization of Post-relocation Support Paths for Resettled Families in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region

HUANG Qi, PENG Zhi-min   

  1. (Institute of Economic Research on Changjiang River Valley,Hubei Academy of Social Sciences,Wuhan 430077,China)
  • Online:2024-05-20 Published:2024-05-29

摘要: 三峡库区移民工作已进入后扶新阶段,如何在“搬得出、稳得住、能致富”的基础上,实现移民与非移民无差别的“共同富”是一个极具考验的命题。收入与支出是任一家庭经济活动最关键的两个方面,其中支出水平及结构映射了家庭的生活质量。尝试以支出型贫困视角,采用扩展线性支出模型(ELES模型),以湖北库区秭归县、巴东县119户后靠安置农村移民家庭户为例,对当前库区农村移民家庭的消费支出结构特征进行系统量化分析。分析显示,当前移民家庭户生产生活态势持续向好,但移民消费支出仅以满足基本需求为主,食品等基本需求对其他需求支出挤占较大,高阶需求支出严重不足,重大疾病等突发临时型支出极易导致长期的扶持努力功亏一篑。针对上述问题,探索从强化临时救助,“精准滴灌”式帮扶,以城乡社会保障和社会救助体系为主,增收和消费“双轮驱动”,移民“去标签”等方面提出后扶路径优化建议,以期为新阶段国家完善移民后扶政策,优化三峡库区移民后扶工作提供决策参考。

Abstract: The resettlement work in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region has entered a new stage of post-assistance. The challenge lies in achieving "common prosperity" for resettlers and non-settlers without discrimination based on the foundation of "moving out, stabilizing, and becoming wealthy". Income and expenditure are the most critical aspects of any household's economic activity, and the level and structure of expenditure reflect the family's quality of life. Taking 119 rural resettled families in Zigui and Badong counties in the Hubei Province as examples, this article attempted to use the extended linear expenditure model (ELES model) from the perspective of expenditure-based povertyto conduct a systematic quantitative analysis of the current consumption expenditure structure of rural resettled families. The analysis showed that the situation of resettled households was continuously improving, but the resettlement consumption expenditure only met the basic needs. The basic needs such as food occupied a large proportion of all needs. The high-level demand expenditure was severely insufficient. Major diseases and other sudden temporary expenses were likely to cause the failure of long-term government support efforts. In response to the above issues, this article exploredthe optimization suggestions on post-relocation support paths in terms of strengthening temporary assistance, "precise dripping" assistance, embedding post-resettlement policies into the urban and rural social security system, increasing income and consumption "dual drive", and removing the "label" of resettlers. The research conclusions and suggestions could be used as useful reference for decision-making aiming to improve the post-relocation support policies for resettlers in the new stage and to optimize the post-assistance work in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region.

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