长江流域资源与环境 >> 2013, Vol. 22 >> Issue (011): 1484-.

• 生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于Landsat的近20余年东洞庭湖湿地草洲变化研究

唐 玥 |谢永宏 |李 峰 |陈心胜   

  1. (1.中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所|亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室|洞庭湖湿地生态系统观测研究站, 湖南 长沙 410125;2.中国科学院大学, 北京100049
  • 出版日期:2013-11-20

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF EMERGENT HERBACEOUS WETLANDS IN THE EAST DONGTING LAKE DURING THE LAST TWENTY YEARS BASED ON LANDSAT DATA

TANG Yue1,2|XIE Yonghong 1|LI Feng 1|CHEN Xinsheng   

  1. (1.Dongting Lake Station for Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research,Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Science,Changsha 410125,China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences|Beijing 100049,China
  • Online:2013-11-20

摘要:

利用多时相Landsat TM/ETM+影像,采用决策树分类法解译水域、泥沙滩地、草洲3种湿地类型,结合数字高程模型和相关水文信息,通过矩阵转移和贝塞尔曲线插值的方法,对低水位条件下东洞庭湖湿地草洲的时空变化特征进行分析。结果如下:(1)1989~2011年,草洲面积增加30506 km2,泥滩地面积减少27428 km2,水域面积呈波动状态;(2)草洲的主要扩张区域为长洲、新生洲、飘尾洲沿湖盆边缘部分、牛头洲大面积区域、武光洲柴下洲、中洲团洲部分;(3)草洲面积按高程分布呈先增后减特征,草洲覆盖的优势区域与非优势区域的高程分界点逐渐降低,水域和泥滩地分布的优势区域高程范围缓慢下移。草洲植被的生长分布和淹水条件关系密切,泥沙淤积和水文条件的改变都能导致淹水条件的变化,进而推进东洞庭湖草洲范围的扩张。此研究对于进一步明确洞庭湖湿地演变趋势及其形成机制具有重要意义

Abstract:

In this study,the location and distribution of herbaceous wetlands,bottomland and water body in the East Dongting Lake were identified through the decision tree classification,based on multitemporal Landsat TM/ETM+ images.The spatial distribution and expansion tendency of herbaceous wetlands under low waterlevel conditions were also estimated using matrix transformation and Bezier curve interpolation,based on the DEM data in 1995 and waterlevel data from the Chenglinji Hydrological Station.The results were as follows.(1) During 19892011,the area of herbaceous wetlands increased 30506 km2 (from 57735 km2 in 1989 to 88241 km2 in 2011).The area ratio of herbaceous wetlands to total area of east Dongting Lake increased 2307% (from 4365% in 1989 to 6672% in 2011).In contrast,the bottomland decreased 274.28 km2(from 424.33 km2 in 1989 to 1506 km2 in 2011).The water body displayed a fluctuation status from 26105 km2 to 34251 km2.(2) The herbaceous wetlands area mainly increased on the edges of the lake basin of Changzhou,Xinshengzhou and Piaoweizhou,as well as most areas of Niutouzhou,WuguangChaixiazhou and ZhongzhouTuanzhou,whereas mainly decreased in few areas,such as Fengcheguai,Beizhou,Wugangzi and Liugangzi.The matrix transformation analysis showed that the herbaceous wetlands in east Dongting Lake was in a rapid expansion during last 23 years and the development time of “water bodybottomlandherbaceous wetlands” was shortened,which may be related to the uprising of bottomland caused by sedimentation. (3) The spatial distribution of herbaceous wetlands showed a typical unimodal and reached to a peak area when the elevation was 24-25 m,then decreased significantly with the decrease of elevation.However,during 1989-2011,the elevation which was favorable for the distribution of herbaceous wetlands and the inflection point between herbaceous wetlands and other wetland types including bottomland and water body decreased gradually,which may directly result in an expansion of herbaceous wetlands. (4) At the elevation of 22-24 m,the herbaceous wetlands area varied significantly,which might be mainly driven by sedimentation during 1989-2000,and might be influenced by waterlevel changing together with sedimentation after 2000.Our data showed that the expansion of herbaceous wetlands,i.e.the invasion into bottomland in east Dongting Lake during 1989-2011,might be mainly caused by the bottomland exposion and flooding regime changes,which usually changed according to the variation of sedimentation and hydrological conditions.This study plays an important role in understanding the development trend and formation mechanisms of the Dongting Lake wetland

No related articles found!
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] 王 宏,蔡伟民,王万贤,杨建民. 生态工程中群落模型植物灭螺机理研究[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2005, 14(1): 117 -122 .
[2] 孙平军. 1994~2011年江苏省城市化与生态环境非协调性耦合关系的判别[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2014, 23(08): 1051 .
[3] 于忠华, 李文青, 刘海滨, 秦海旭. 快速发展地区经济增长与资源环境协调性分析——以南京为例[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2015, 24(10): 1698 -1704 .