长江流域资源与环境 >> 2014, Vol. 23 >> Issue (02): 180-.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201402004

• 自然资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于游客支付意愿的生态补偿经济价值评估

石玲| 马炜| 孙玉军| 朱曦| 晏中强   

  1. (1.北京林业大学林学院|北京 10083; 2.武汉市丰太木兰天池旅游有限公司|湖北 武汉 430317)
  • 出版日期:2014-02-20

ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF ECOCOMPENSATION BASED ON TOURISTS WILLINGNESSTOPAY——A CASE STUDY OF SUSHANSI NATIONAL FOREST PARK, WUHAN(CHINA

SHI Ling1, Ma Wei1, SUN Yujun1, ZHU Xi2, YAN Zhongqiang2   

  1. (1.The College of Forestry of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China|2.Wuhan Fengtai Mulan Lake Travel Agency Company, Ltd., Wuhan 430317, China
  • Online:2014-02-20

摘要:

基于意愿调查法,通过支付卡式问卷调查等方式,对武汉素山寺国家森林公园游客生态补偿的支付意愿进行研究。结果表明:游客有较强的环境保护意识,573%的受访者愿意为环境进行补偿性的支付;问卷调查结果认为,支付意愿值随年龄、个人月收入和文化程度等不同而变化,年龄大、文化程度和收入高,而且游览次数多的游人,支付愿意值更高。支付意愿分布范围是44~78元,平均值和多元线性回归两种方法估计得到支付意愿值分别为61元/人和77元/人。以2011年游客量43万人次计算,总支付意愿为2967万元

Abstract:

The Sushansi National Forest Park, located in northern Wuhan City of the Yangtze River Basin, is considered as the most famous forest park in this biggest city of central China. The park is a stateowned forest farm, supporting a wildlife reserve, and also a species library. Since tourism has affected local ecological environment in recent years, more information about how tourists should take care of environmental protection is needed. In this work, the tourists willingness to pay (WTP) values of ecocompensation in Sushansi National Forest Park was analyzed, based on contingent valuation method (CVM), and through a questionnaire survey. After qualitative interviews and pilot investigation, we validated size scale and questionnaire, and then investigated tourist from August 25th to October 5th in 2012. Including some impact factors, payment card choice question format of CVM was developed, and 454 effective responses in total have been received. The original data were put into Excel, qualified and then analyzed by some basic statistical indexes of frequency, ratio, mean value and standard deviation. The results indicated that all respondents support environment protection, and 573% of them thought that giving the fund WTP was necessary for ecocompensation, especially for the tourists from 31 to 50 years old. And major tourists (more than 80%) agreed that, refuse treatment, water protection, and capacity development would cause great detriment to environment of tourism in the Sushansi National Forest Park. And they expressed their hope that the WTP fund should be used first for water protection, plant & soil recovery, wildlife conservation, as well as the propaganda of environmental protection. From the questionnaire, almost half of the WTP respondents would like to pay 5 RMB as the largest WTP bid, followed by 1, 10, and 15 RMB. The higher the patients cultural level was, the more income was obtained, tourist preferred to pay more for the ecocompensation. Tourist proposed that, the raising of fund might be lead by government allocation, paying taxes or extracting from ticket proceeds, more than cash donation. Based on the described information, we found the significant factors influencing the results of the payment card were age, profession, education, monthly income and travel times. Further, the correlation analyses results revealed that relationships between the bid of WTP per time and variables as age, education, monthly income and travel times were positive, but negative relationships were found between the bid and gender, profession, etc. By using mean value method to calculate, the per capita WTP of tourist was 44-78 RMB per capita per time, with the mean value of 61 RMB. A multiple linear regression model was also used, and the estimated WTP value was 7.7 RMB per capita per time. Thus, the total economic value was 2967 million RMB by using tourists number of Sushansi National Forest Park in 2011, and accounted a obvious amount of 104% of tourist income as 284 million RMB in 2011. In conclusion, our research about economic evaluation of ecocompensation by WTP is conductive to support scenic planning for tourist enterprises, and arouse awareness of ecology and environmental protection of every citizen

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