长江流域资源与环境 >> 2019, Vol. 28 >> Issue (03): 712-721.doi: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201903022

• 生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于景观格局的喀斯特山区流域生态风险评估 ——以贵州省乌江流域为例

奚世军1,2,安裕伦1,2* ,李阳兵1,蔡沛伶3,龙立美1 ,陈啟英1,2   

  1. (1.贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵州 贵阳 550001;2.贵州省山地资源与环境
    遥感应用重点实验室, 贵州 贵阳 550001;3.贵州师范大学教育科学学院,贵州 贵阳 550001)
  • 出版日期:2019-03-20 发布日期:2019-03-22

Ecological Risk Assessment of Karst Mountain Watershed Based on Landscape Pattern—A Case Study of Wujiang River Basin in Guizhou Province

XI Shi-jun 1,2, AN Yu-lun 1,2, LI Yang-bing 1, CAI Pei-ling 3, LONG Li-mei 1, CHEN Qi-ying 1,2   

  1. (1. School of Geography and Environmental Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001,China;
    2.Guizhou Mountain Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing Application Laboratory, Guiyang 550001,China;
    3.College of Education and Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001,China)
  • Online:2019-03-20 Published:2019-03-22

摘要:  以小流域为采样单元开展流域景观生态风险评估,对建立流域景观生态风险预警机制、改善流域生态环境、构建生态安全格局具有重要意义。以2000~2015年土地利用数据为基础,基于景观格局法构建景观生态风险评估模型对贵州省乌江流域景观生态风险及时空特征进行评估与分析。结果表明:(1)15年来,乌江流域景观格局变化显著,其中林地面积增加了2.85%,湿地增加了0.13%,耕地减少了4.52%,其它用地增加了0.02%;(2)乌江流域2000、2005、2010、2015年的景观生态风险度块金值与基台值的比值分别为11.81%、12.05%、13.29%、14.04%,变程分别为10.9、22.8、10.7、12.8 km;(3)15年来,不同景观生态风险等级在面积上表现出不同变化趋势,其中高、极高风险区面积分别增加了8.46%、5.57%,弱、低风险区面积分别减少了6.28%、7.28%。由此可见,由于频繁的人类活动强烈干扰使得流域内景观生态风险整体呈现上升趋势。

Abstract: Using small watershed as sampling unit to carry out watershed landscape ecological risk assessment is of great significance in establishing early warning mechanism of watershed landscape ecological risk, improving watershed ecological environment and constructing ecological security pattern .Based on the land use data from 2000 to 2015, in the paper, the landscape ecological risk assessment model was constructed based on landscape pattern method, and the landscape ecological risk and spatial and temporal characteristics in Wujiang river basin in Guizhou province were evaluated and analyzed . The results showed that the landscape pattern of Wujiang River Basin changed significantly in the past 15 years and were showed as below: 1)The woodland area increased 2.85%, the wetland increased 0.13%, the cultivated land decreased 4.52%, the other land use increased 0.02%; 2)The ratio of block gold value to base value of landscape ecological risk during the year of 2000,2005,2010 and 2015 were individually 11.81%,12.05%,13.29%,14.04% and the change ranges during the year 2000,2005,2010 and 2015 were individually 10.9 km,22.8 km,10.7 km,12.8 km in Wujiang river basin.3)During the 15 years, different landscape ecological risk grades show different changing trend in area, among which, the area of the high and extremely high risk areas increased by 8.46% and 5.57% respectively; and the area of weak and low risk area decreased by 6.28% and 7.28% respectively. Therefore, because of the frequent human activities, the landscape ecological risk in the river basin is overall rising trend.

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