Abstract: This paper analyzes the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of tourism poverty alleviation efficiency and the influencing factors in 24 national-level poverty counties in three contiguous destitute areas of Hubei Province from 2006 to 2016, using Super-SBM model, mean square deviation decomposition method and LS regression model.The results show that:(1) The efficiency of tourism poverty alleviation in Hubei Province had achieved a steady and rapid growth from 2006 to 2016, but the overall level was still relatively low, which basically presented the spatial differentiation pattern of “Qinba Mountain Area > Wuling Mountain Area > Dabie Mountain Area” and high-effciency counties located in the Qinba Mountain Area and Wuling Mountain Area.(2) The overall difference between the efficiency of tourism poverty alleviation in Hubei Province and the internal differences in the study area tended to be narrow, but the regional difference was in a discrete state. And the internal differences among Dabie Mountain, Wuling Mountain and Qinba Mountain were the main reasons for the differences in the efficiency of tourism poverty alleviation in Hubei Province.(3) From the perspective of Hubei Province as a whole, the positive driving effect of structural and economic dynamics on tourism poverty alleviation efficiency was the most obvious. From the regional perspective, the dominant factors in Qinba Mountain Area are economic power and traffic power, as for the Wuling Mountain Area, the efficiency of tourism poverty alleviation was mainly driven by economic power and structural power, and the leading ingredients that affected the efficiency of tourism poverty alleviation in Dabie Mountain Area are traffic dynamics and information power. Therefore, it is suggested that different tourism poverty alleviation policies should be adopted to expand the benefit of poverty alleviation industry in profiting and reducing povertyin different regions, and the efficiency of tourism poverty alleviation should be promoted.