摘要： The study on the evolution of ecological land in urban waterfront from the middle and small scale can provide important reference for the development and protection policy of ecological land. Based on the land use data in 2005，2009，2014 and 2018，the spatial and temporal dynamic characteristics of the evolution of ecological land use within one kilometer of Nanjing waterfront are analyzed using the transfer matrix and other methods，and the changes are discussed from the perspective of urban and rural land use conflict and policy effectiveness. The results show that :(1) The great loss of cultivated land leads to a sharp decline in the proportion of ecological land in Nanjing waterfront，from 71.86% in 2005 to 65.54% in 2018，while the proportion of seminatural ecological land such as forest and grass land rises slightly. (2) The forest land and inland beach are highly retained，and the changes of farmland，garden land，water area and inland beach are mainly net change，while the changes of the forest land and grassland are mainly exchange change. (3) The ecological land loss hot spots are mainly located in the urbanrural transitional zone and close to industrial parks. The expansion of builtup area is the main cause. (4) The policy and planning have obvious effects on the evolution of ecological land along the river. The development policies along the river aggravate the degree of ecological land loss，but plannings such as ecological red line have a significant effect on the protection of some important ecological land. Land use planning has a significant effect on land use management，but there are still illegal encroachments of cultivated land，bare land and inland beach. The Yangtze river levees have no obvious effect on the protection of ecological land. To ensure the longterm existence of ecological space，not only clear policy boundaries are needed，but also cultural and image cognitive construction needs to be strengthened to form the public’s overall cognition and the protection policy based on the function goal of ecological land.