Abstract: Fragmentation changes the structure and function of ecosystem and limits the value of it. The effect of different fragmentation factors and their relationship on ecosystem services need to be revealed. Taking Suzhou as a case, the spatial and temporal characteristics of ecosystem service value and fragmentation in different periods from 1995 to 2015 are explored based on the multi temporal remote sensing image data and the town unit scale. The role of fragmentation factors and their interaction effects on ecosystem service value are principally revealed with the help of GeoDetector method. The results show that: （1）The ecosystem service value tends to decrease in stability. The spatial distribution inclines to be relatively balanced from the polarization trend of high value and low value. （2）The fragmentation is strengthening gradually. The spatial distribution shows the evolution law of ‘mutual independence→agglomeration→high agglomeration→ agglomeration’. （3）The effect and explanation level of fragmentation factors on whole ecosystem services and its all types of services become weaker. Patch density and aggregation degree show strong and sustained forces in various services. （4）The interaction between factors is non-linear and linear, and the damage and protection effect will be more significant. （5）The synergism with other factors, the risk area and ecological differences of patch density is the strongest among the fragmentation index. It is the key and breakthrough point of protection and optimization. Key factors, action modes and risk identification can enrich mechanisms for ecosystem service value and provide a scientific reference for the further efficient protection of ecosystem.