Abstract: The hydrothermal index system containing nine factors such as air temperature, precipitation and evapotranspiration was constructed based on the meteorological data of 27 meteorological stations in the Huai River Basin from 1959 to 2018 by calculating the evapotranspiration through FAO-PM56, and the characteristics of hydrothermal pattern for the Huai River Basin during these 60 years were revealed by climate tendency rate, Mann-Kendall (MK) test and geospatial interpolation. The results indicated that the Huai River Basin has been generally hot and damp during these years, with a wavelike rise in temperature, lowest temperature and annual precipitation while a decrease in highest temperature, sunshine duration, relative humidity and evapotranspiration. The hydrothermal pattern tends to be stable all year around with peaks in June and July, exhibiting a single-peak pattern. According to the interdecadal analysis, the hydrothermal trend in the studied area during these 60 years is significant with an average temperature throughout the year. Both the highest and lowest temperature firstly decrease before rise, but it is a totally difference case with sunshine duration, which firstly rises before decline, followed by an upward trend. In terms of the changes in sudden change, heat changes more steadily than waterfall. The spatial distribution of heat in the Huaihe River Basin is diagonally (southwest-northeast), which is jointly caused by latitude and longitude zonality and topographic action of north-south intersection belt. However, the spatial distribution of rainfall demonstrates significant latitude and vertical zonality.