Abstract: Urban agglomeration is a spatial carrier of the concept of cross-administrative divisions. How to discuss the collaborative governance of environmental pollution from the perspective of urban agglomeration has become a focus topic in recent years in the study of regional development and man-land relationship. Firstly, according to the theory of urban ecology, the theory of new economic geography and the theory of spatial justice, the "food chain principle of urban agglomeration" is proposed, and based on this, the conceptual model of urban agglomeration pollution cooperative governance is constructed. Then use of entropy TOPSIS method, improve the collaborative model, kernel density estimation, the space gravity model analyzes the pollution control level is the basic pattern of urban agglomerations, and the evolution process of urban agglomeration pollution together contact, space structure and the overall development situation has carried on the exploration, finally on this basis puts forward the optimal path of different urban agglomeration. The above results show that: (1) the pollution control pattern of each city in the urban agglomeration shows a distribution of wide in the middle and narrow at both ends; (2) The level of collaborative pollution control in urban agglomerations decreased from national urban agglomerations to regional and regional urban agglomerations; (3) Third, the spatial linkage strength of collaborative pollution control in urban agglomeration was mainly affected by geographical proximity and provincial boundary effect; (4) The collaborative control of pollution in urban agglomerations is mainly affected by the pressure of pollution control and the response of pollution control, and different urban agglomerations are affected by the subsystems differently. Finally, based on the results of difference analysis, the paper puts forward the path optimization suggestions of pollution collaborative governance for different types of urban agglomerations.