Abstract: The Party’s twenty Congress pointed out that the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development was still severe and put forward stricter requirements for regional coordinated development in the future. Promoting the coordinated and balanced regional development of the economic belt along the Yangtze River is an important way to “improve the balance, coordination and inclusiveness of development” and an important approach to achieve common prosperity and high-quality development. Based on the adjusted coordinated and balanced development index evaluation index system, this study used statistical data in 2019 and 2020, and employed a variety of quantitative analysis methods to reveal and compare the current situation of coordinated and balanced development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The main conclusions were as follows: (1) Compared with 2019, there was an increase in 2020 in the absolute value of the coordination equilibrium index of 110 cities at the prefecture level and above in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. It was also observed that the range decreased compared with 2019, and there were still large differences among different regions; (2) From the second and third level indicators, public basic services and public infrastructure in the equilibrium degree, industrial coordination, and market unity and economic coordination in the integration degree were the main reasons for the differences among 110 cities. (3) The 110 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt were divided into 5 types based on the K-cluster clustering method. Differentiated regulation strategies and optimization paths were proposed for these 5 types of cities.